Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the male genitourinary system. With the progress of social development in China, the aging and urbanization of the population, the westernization of dietary structure, and the advancement of PCa detection technology, its incidence is increasing year by year and has become a common disease that seriously affects the healthy life of elderly men. Huang Yiran, Department of Urology, Shanghai Renji Hospital Cryosurgery of the prostate (CSAP) for prostate cancer is a new minimally invasive treatment technique developed in the United States in the last decade or so, and has been widely used clinically in developed countries such as the United States because of its characteristics of less trauma, better results, fewer complications, faster recovery, and ease of repeat treatment. It has become one of the preferred treatment methods, especially for elderly male patients who are not suitable for radical surgery or prostate cancer patients with local recurrence after radiotherapy, and has special value in view of its small trauma and exact efficacy. Although CSAP started late in China, it has started to receive attention. The Department of Urology of Shanghai Renji Hospital is actively exploring and carrying out CSAP treatment, hoping that the introduction of this new technology and robotic surgery will contribute to improve the current status of PCa treatment in China and improve the overall treatment level of PCa. In 1964, Gonder et al. first reported the success of using liquid nitrogen cryotherapy to destroy prostate tissue in animal models, and in 1966, the transurethral route was used to treat prostatic hyperplasia with satisfactory results. 1968, Flocks first used perineal incision to treat prostate cancer with direct visualization cryotherapy. Kunit et al. used open cryosurgery to treat 101 cases of prostate cancer, and the 5-year survival rate in relation to the tumor stage could be similar to the results of radical surgery. Soon after, Bonney et al. showed that the local control and 10-year survival rates of 229 prostate cases were similar to those of radical surgery and external radiation radiotherapy, which attracted attention in the field of treatment. In 1988, Onik adopted transrectal ultrasound guidance and monitoring, and percutaneous percutaneous cryoprosthesis for prostate cancer treatment, providing a safer and more effective method for clinical practice. In 1993, Endocare developed the argon helium cryotherapy system, which made precise temperature control a reality and made minimally invasive tumor treatment possible. This technology was approved by the FDA in 1998 and was mainly used for prostate cancer treatment, thus, entering a whole new stage of development. Currently, CSAP is guided by transrectal ultrasound, the cryoprobe is positioned percutaneously in the perineum and punctured to the target tumor area, argon is activated, and the output power is adjusted between 100% and 10% to control the freezing range. 12~15 minutes later helium is warmed up to complete a treatment cycle. A total of 2 cycles were performed. During the operation, the urethra was protected by circulating warm saline method, and all operations were performed under rectal ultrasound monitoring with targeted therapeutic properties. In December 2008, the American Urological Association (AUA) released the Statement of Best Practices for Cryotherapy of Prostate Cancer, which evaluated the efficacy, safety, and indications for CSAP as the preferred treatment for patients with early PCa or salvage treatment for patients with recurrence, and affirmed the efficacy of CSAP treatment. In 2008, Cohen et al. studied the results of CSAP in 370 prostate cancer patients and showed that the long-term follow-up results of CSAP were comparable to those of surgical procedures and had a low incidence of complications such as urinary incontinence and urethro-rectal fistula, which have a wide clinical application. It has wide clinical application prospects. The Department of Urology of Shanghai Renji Hospital is a key clinical specialty of the Ministry of Health of China and a key construction discipline of 211 project. It has a long history and its own characteristics in the diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors, especially prostate cancer. The department has introduced prostate cryosurgery through the cooperation with MD Anderson Cancer Center, the best cancer hospital in the United States, and will carry out robotic prostate cancer radical surgery in the near future, while targeted drug therapy for prostate cancer is being widely carried out. The Department of Urology at Renji Hospital advocates personalized treatment of prostate cancer: surgery combined with local minimally invasive and the latest targeted drug therapy; treatment requires a combination of imaging, pathology, radiology and expertise in oncology and internal and external sciences; and a customized treatment plan that takes into account the patient’s lifestyle and other health issues to ensure the best treatment and outcome for the patient. At present, the Department of Urology of Renji Hospital has opened a special clinic for “personalized treatment of prostate cancer”, which is held every Monday afternoon on the 5th floor of the outpatient building of the East Hospital of Renji Hospital, and is mainly under the charge of Dr. Dong Bojun. The clinic will provide new treatment concepts and options for patients with prostate cancer, especially for elderly patients who cannot tolerate radical surgery, patients who are resistant to endocrine therapy, and patients with local recurrence! Phone: 021-68383544.