Today, six months later, Mr. Hou, like a different person, walked to the neurosurgery office of the hospital, clutching the hand of Dr. Haiyang, excited, thanked the neurosurgery staff of Tongji Hospital, and it was the silent dedication of the medical staff that gave him courage and confidence to live again. Mr. Hou was 63 years old, suffering from hypertension and diabetes. Six months ago, he had recurrent bouts of dizziness, and 1 week later, his right limb movement was unfavorable and he had difficulty walking, accompanied by slurred speech and significant memory loss. The clinical consideration was cerebral ischemia, and angiography showed that the patient had bilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion and a large number of abnormal fine vascular network formation at the skull base.? Mr. Hou had a regular life after retirement and wanted to live his old age in peace, but he did not expect to have such serious symptoms suddenly, and was very anxious and had difficulty sleeping and eating. After carefully analyzing the patient’s condition, Dr. Hai-ship believed that the patient’s current symptoms were mainly due to intracranial vascular occlusion leading to ischemia in the corresponding functional brain areas, and it was entirely possible to improve the patient’s symptoms if the blood supply to the ischemic brain tissue was increased by some method. After full communication with the patient’s family, the patient’s family agreed to perform cerebrovascular bypass surgery, also known as intracranial and extracranial revascularization, which is a microscopic neurosurgical technique to separate the extracranial vessels, open a bone window in the corresponding ischemic brain tissue area, move the extracranial vessels into the skull, re-establish the blood supply from the extracranial vessels to the skull, improve the blood circulation of the ischemic brain tissue, and then improve the neurological function. The operation lasted 4 hours, and Mr. Hou successfully passed the perioperative period. 3 months after the operation, the patient’s symptoms improved significantly, and now the patient can walk 15 miles alone every day, the dizziness disappeared completely, and the language function and memory basically returned to the state before the onset of the disease. Six months later, a repeat cranial CT perfusion imaging showed that the original left-sided cerebral hypoperfusion state was significantly improved, and a whole brain angiography review showed that the left-sided extracranial vessels were supplying blood to the skull, and the abnormal vascular network at the skull base was significantly reduced, which completely achieved the expected results. The incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases is increasing year by year as the population is getting older, which is a serious threat to human health. Chronic systemic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus are important risk factors for aggravating cerebral atherosclerosis, and how to actively prevent and treat the occurrence and development of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases has become a social problem worthy of widespread attention. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is the main cause of stroke, and about 85% of strokes are ischemic in nature. The pathological basis for its occurrence is atherosclerosis, and the mortality and disability rates are quite high, making it one of the three major diseases causing human death. According to statistics, the annual incidence, annual mortality and point-in-time prevalence of stroke in China are 219/100,000, 116/100,000 and 719/100,000 in urban areas; 185/100,000, 142/100,000 and 394/100,000 in rural areas, respectively, according to which it is estimated that the annual number of new stroke patients is about 2 million; the annual number of patients who die from stroke is about 1.5 million; the surviving The number of patients is 6-7 million, of which about 3/4 of them have severe disabilities and are incapacitated, causing a heavy burden to society and families. In fact, most of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases can be prevented, to achieve a combination of prevention and treatment, the occurrence of cerebrovascular often have ischemic aura, such as the appearance of paroxysmal dizziness, limb sensory or motor disorders, speech dysfunction, etc., medically become transient cerebral ischemic attack, should be promptly to the hospital to identify the cause, and actively give the corresponding treatment, such as diet regulation, control of high blood sugar, high blood pressure and other risk factors. Those who have intracranial vascular stenosis or occlusion can undergo stent placement or intracranial and extracranial revascularization surgery according to the situation to improve cerebral circulation, promote neurological function recovery and improve quality of life. With the continuous improvement of micro-neurosurgery technology, cerebrovascular bypass is expected to bring benefits to more patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.