Chronic atrophic gastritis is a chronic gastritis characterized by atrophy of the epithelium and glands of the gastric mucosa, a decrease in number, thinning of the gastric mucosa, thickening of the mucosal base, or with pyloric glandular hyperplasia and intestinal glandular hyperplasia, or with atypical hyperplasia. The main causative factors include dietary factors, high salt diet cured foods containing high nitrite levels that can lead to atrophic gastritis; Helicobacter pylori infection; drugs and alcohol consumption; immune factors; bile duodenal fluid reflux; somatic factors; genetic factors; metal exposure; radiation; iron deficiency anemia, etc. Clinically, it often presents as vague pain in the epigastrium, fullness, belching, loss of appetite, or wasting, anemia, etc. Signs are mostly inconspicuous, sometimes with light pressure pain in the epigastrium. When the lesion extends to the deep part of the gland, the gland is destroyed, the number is reduced, the lamina propria is fibrotic, and the mucosa becomes thin. The risk of developing gastric cancer increases with multifocal atrophy centered on the gastric horn and spreading to the gastric sinus and body, depending on whether it is accompanied by chemosis, such as non-chemosis atrophy and chemosis atrophy. At present, there is no effective treatment for atrophic gastritis, and it is mainly treated symptomatically. Autoimmune-related atrophic gastritis can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, and lifelong vitamin B12 injections are required for those with combined pernicious anemia. Some trace elements such as zinc, selenium and beta carotene can be supplemented appropriately. Therefore, chronic atrophic gastritis is a chronic gastritis caused by various factors, and patients need to seek medical attention for a clear diagnosis and active treatment in a timely manner to avoid delaying the condition.