Laparoscopic liver cyst fenestration I. Introduction of liver cysts Liver cysts are divided into two categories: parasitic and non-parasitic, while non-parasitic cystic disease of the liver, congenital liver cysts are the most common, and can be divided into single and multiple liver cysts (polycystic liver). For liver cysts less than 5cm in diameter and without symptoms, no treatment is required, while surgical treatment is recommended for those with diameters over 5cm (the reason is that liver cysts will not shrink on their own but will continue to increase in size, thus compressing the surrounding liver tissues and causing liver atrophy, and are prone to rupture, bleeding, infection, etc.). Second, what are the methods of treating liver cysts Modern surgical treatment of liver cysts has three ways: 1, l dissection of liver cysts open window drainage or liver cyst excision that is the traditional open surgery, good drainage, is one of the main surgical methods for the treatment of liver cysts in the past, but because of the long incision, trauma, slow recovery, can also be accompanied by other common complications of open surgery, has been less applied alone, only in some This method is less traumatic but incomplete, requires repeated puncture and fluid extraction, is prone to recurrence and co-infection, and is only suitable for elderly patients with weak constitution and patients with other important organ diseases. 3. l Laparoscopic liver cyst opening and drainage, which is the so-called minimally invasive surgery, is the best method for treating liver cysts at home and abroad, and is performed through a tiny incision in the abdominal wall, using minimally invasive instruments, using an endoscope, intra-abdominal illumination and electronic camera system to complete the opening and drainage of liver cysts in vivo. This procedure is quite mature now, and it is more suitable for large liver cysts protruding to the liver surface. It makes the open window drainage of liver cysts change from large incision and trauma in the past to minimally invasive, so that the open window drainage can be optimized. III. Liver morphology and function The liver is located in the right upper abdomen, hidden under the right diaphragm and deep surface of the rib cage, most of the liver is covered by the rib arch, if the liver is touched under the rib arch, it is mostly pathological hepatomegaly. The normal liver is reddish-brown in color and soft in texture. The weight of the liver in adults is equivalent to 2% of body weight. The right lobe of the liver is adjacent to the right pleura and right fundus of the lung above, the left lobe of the liver is attached to the heart above, a small part is adjacent to the anterior abdominal wall, the right lobe of the liver is adjacent to the colon in front, the posterior lobe is adjacent to the right adrenal gland and right kidney, and the left lobe of the liver is adjacent to the stomach below. Fourth, the surgical method Traditional open surgery is traumatic, slow healing, high incision infection rate, and large scar after healing, unsightly, easy to cause intestinal adhesions, which is not conducive to the patient’s postoperative recovery. Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic hepatic cyst opening and drainage has the advantages of less trauma, smaller incision, less wound pain, the ability to eat and get out of bed on the first day after surgery, short postoperative medication time, short hospital stay, and significantly reduced incision infection and postoperative intestinal adhesions and other complications. The 3-4 tiny incisions scattered in the abdomen are almost invisible after healing.