1. How do liver cysts occur?
The etiology is not completely clear; it is generally believed to originate from the intrahepatic vagal bile duct, which is a kind of stagnant cyst and belongs to congenital developmental abnormalities.
2.What are the clinical manifestations of hepatic cysts?
Liver cysts are slow growing, single or multiple, ranging from a few millimeters to more than ten centimeters in size; small cysts usually have no obvious symptoms and are only found by chance during physical examination; large liver cysts can be painless masses or compress the neighboring organs, with symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; cysts bleeding or infection can cause symptoms such as chills, fever and abdominal pain.
3.What is polycystic liver?
It is related to congenital abnormal development; polycystic liver tissue is occupied by countless cysts of different sizes, like honeycomb; often accompanied by polycystic kidney; prone to infection and compression symptoms; liver function may be abnormal, jaundice, portal hypertension.
4.B ultrasound examination of liver cysts?
B ultrasound is the first choice for diagnosing liver cysts; it is highly sensitive, non-invasive, simple and easy to perform; cysts smaller than 1cm can be easily detected; the accuracy rate is 98%.
5.CT examination of liver cysts?
It can show the location, size, scope and nature of liver cysts; CT examination is mainly for differentiation with other liver cystic diseases; enhanced CT examination has no enhancement changes in the wall of liver cysts.
6.Laparoscopic examination of liver cysts?
It has some value for simple liver cysts and liver cysts on the surface of liver; the examination can be done at the same time for opening and draining of liver cysts.
7.What are the diseases that liver cysts need to be differentiated from?
Differentiate from congenital bile duct cyst; differentiate from liver abscess; differentiate from liver cystic adenoma or cystic adenocarcinoma; differentiate from liver malignant tumor cystic change; differentiate from renal cyst, pancreatic cyst, mesenteric cyst; differentiate from liver cysticercosis in patients from pastoral areas.
8.Treatment of liver cysts?
If the diameter is less than 5cm, asymptomatic, no treatment is needed, regular ultrasound review or CT review (once every 3 months); superficial larger cysts can be laparoscopically drained (decompression), attention should be paid to whether the cyst is connected with bile duct, if so, abdominal drainage should be done at the same time; thick-walled giant cysts for cyst-jejunum internal drainage are rare.
9.Interventional treatment of liver cysts?
For large diameter, isolated liver cysts, puncture and drainage can be performed under ultrasound or CT guidance; cysts can also be treated with anhydrous alcohol sclerosis after puncture and aspiration; liver cysts with combined infections can be drained by interventional placement of external tubes.
10.Treatment of polycystic liver?
Polycystic liver is generally treated conservatively; individual polycystic liver which is very large, has compression symptoms and affects liver function can be treated with partial resection of liver or partial resection of cyst wall and open window drainage; if combined with polycystic kidney and affects kidney function, open window drainage of polycystic kidney can be done at the same time; if polycystic liver has cancer, it should be treated accordingly, but the prognosis is poor.