Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) is a concentrated passive immune preparation to prevent the invasion and replication of hepatitis B virus. It is an exogenous antibody with high efficiency, which can make the human body obtain passive protection immunity rapidly after injection, and can work rapidly in a short period of time to clear the free hepatitis B virus in the serum and avoid the localization of hepatitis B virus infection, and is usually used clinically together with vaccines. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin is generally used for the prevention of hepatitis B in the following groups: (1) infants born to mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); (2) people who are accidentally infected with HBV; (3) people in close contact with hepatitis B patients or HBsAg carriers; (4) people with low immune function. The dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin is 200IU, 2ml/stem, one for adults and half 100IU for infants. Both hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin can prevent hepatitis B infection; hepatitis B vaccine is made of antigen after special treatment, which stimulates the body to produce surface antibody after injection, and it usually takes about 2 weeks for the antibody to reach a high titer; hepatitis B immunoglobulin The hepatitis B immunoglobulin itself is an antibody that can directly neutralize and remove the hepatitis B virus, which is fast-acting but lasts for a relatively short time. Therefore, both hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be given at the same time to obtain good protection. To interrupt mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B, babies born to HBsAg-positive pregnant women should be given hepatitis B immune globulin at a dose of ≥100 IU as early as possible within 24 h after birth (preferably within 12 h after birth) and hepatitis B vaccine at different sites at the same time, with the second and third doses of the vaccine given at intervals of 1 and 6 months. The protection rate for blocking mother-to-child transmission with hepatitis B vaccine alone is 87.8%, and 91.2-97% with combined immunization interventions. Adults who are accidentally exposed to the blood or body fluids of an HBV-positive person who have not been previously vaccinated against hepatitis B, or who have been vaccinated but have not completed the full course of immunization, should receive hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours, and the remaining two doses of hepatitis B vaccine can be administered 1 month and 6 months after exposure; those who have been fully immunized and are known to have anti-HBs >10 units/liter can be treated without treatment. Therefore, hepatitis B immunoglobulin is only a temporary preventive measure with short-term effect, usually only one shot is needed temporarily, and it needs to be used in combination with the vaccine to achieve the best effect.