There is a difference between targeted therapy and radiotherapy and chemotherapy for lung cancer. Radiotherapy is a local treatment, which cannot do systemic control and has certain side effects. Although chemotherapy is a systemic treatment, it is more toxic and affects patients’ quality of life and causes more damage to patients. In contrast, targeted therapy has good efficacy and small toxin effects. The specific differences are mainly as follows: 1. Targeted therapy: Patients have to undergo gene mutation detection, there are targets before targeted therapy can be carried out, such as fusion mutations, locus mutations, deletion mutations, etc., so that drugs can be selected according to the mutation locus. Common toxic side effects include skin itching, red rash, spotted rash, diarrhea, etc.; 2. Chemotherapy: It refers to the use of chemical drugs to destroy malignant tumor cells and then stop their proliferation, infiltration and metastasis in order to kill cancer cells, which is a systemic treatment. Therefore, chemotherapy usually brings side effects, such as anemia, immune system decline, hair loss, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; 3. Radiotherapy: It is a local treatment method, which emits high-energy rays through special instruments or equipment to destroy the genetic material of malignant tumor cells in the process of proliferation and prevent their division. It is a local treatment means that through special instruments or equipment, high-energy rays are emitted to destroy the genetic material of malignant tumor cells in the process of proliferation and prevent their division and proliferation, so that malignant tumor cells cannot overproliferate while protecting normal cells as much as possible. Since the scattering of high-energy particles will cause damage to normal cells near cancer cells, radiation therapy also has certain side effects, such as digestive disorders, thirst and dry lips, sore throat and tongue, chest tightness and shortness of breath, cough and sputum. The side effects may vary from person to person, mainly depending on the radiosensitivity of cells in the body.