Overview: The larynx is located in the anterior middle of the neck and connects the pharynx above and the trachea below. The larynx is a cavity made up of 11 pieces of cartilage, plus muscles, nerves and blood vessels. The laryngeal node is one of these cartilages, which is protruding in a “V” shape and is more pronounced in men than in women. The larynx has 2 major functions: breathing and articulation. Breathing is the source of life, and vocalization makes life colorful, so the importance of larynx is self-evident. Laryngeal cancer is a squamous cell carcinoma that occurs in the larynx, accounting for 90% of malignant tumors in the larynx and 1% to 5% of malignant tumors in the whole body, and is the third largest tumor in the ear, nose and throat. Etiology: The exact etiology is not clear, but it is related to the following factors: smoking, the incidence of laryngeal cancer is proportional to the daily amount of smoking and the total time of smoking. Now it has been confirmed that benzpyrene (benzopyrene) in tobacco tar produced by burning tobacco has carcinogenic effect. Tobacco smoke can cause mucosal congestion, edema, epithelial hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia, and cilia movement is stopped or retarded, which becomes the basis of carcinogenesis; alcohol consumption, the risk of laryngeal cancer in alcohol drinkers is 1.5-4.4 times higher than that in non-drinkers. The risk of smoking and drinking alcohol will be higher; air pollution, cities with high air pollution have high incidence of laryngeal cancer, and the incidence of urban residents is higher than rural areas; occupational factors, long-term exposure to asbestos, mustard gas, nickel, etc. can lead to laryngeal cancer; viral infection; radiation; pre-cancerous lesions (laryngeal leukoplakia, thick skin disease, chronic proliferative laryngitis). Symptoms and diagnosis: As mentioned before, the larynx has 2 major functions: breathing and vocalization, so its symptoms are closely related to its functions, including hoarseness, dyspnea, cough, dysphagia, foreign body sensation in the throat, halitosis, coughing up blood, and neck lumps. Generally speaking, any person over 40 years of age, with hoarseness and appeal symptoms for more than 3 weeks, not improved by vocal rest and general treatment, must be examined by a specialist for detailed laryngoscopy. If dyspnea is present, it is more serious and requires urgent tracheotomy treatment. In order to make a definite diagnosis, your doctor may perform the following tests: fiberoptic laryngoscopy, CT or MRI of the larynx, biopsy, and final diagnosis of laryngeal cancer through pathological biopsy. If the diagnosis is clear, your doctor will recommend you to be hospitalized for treatment. Treatment: Laryngeal cancer is not terrible, especially early stage laryngeal cancer, which is basically curable. At present, the treatment methods of laryngeal cancer are mainly surgery, supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and mostly advocate comprehensive treatment. The selection of treatment method should be considered from many aspects, such as the primary site of tumor, extension, histological characteristics of tumor, patient’s age and physical condition, laryngeal movement, whether there is lymph node metastasis in the neck, whether the patient can follow up regularly, etc., before deciding its treatment plan. 1.Surgery: Doctors will choose different surgical procedures according to the size, location, biological behavior of the lesion and the patient’s general condition, which is like tailor-made surgery to achieve both eradication of the tumor and preservation of the patient’s laryngeal function to the greatest extent. Partial laryngeal surgery includes vertical partial laryngectomy, horizontal laryngectomy, partial laryngectomy on cricoid cartilage, etc. For advanced laryngeal cancer, total laryngectomy is performed. With the development of modern technology, we have various ways to let laryngeal-free people speak and even live like normal people. Laryngocarcinoma surgery is often performed under general anesthesia. Before performing general anesthesia, we will open a mouth on the trachea to breathe, and then the fistula can be closed after healing. With proper care, they can also live freely. 2.Carbon dioxide laser: it is used for minimally invasive treatment of laryngeal cancer, mainly for early stage laryngeal cancer, with the advantages of good efficacy, small damage (no tracheal opening) and fast postoperative recovery. Post-operative speech rehabilitation for laryngeal cancer Pronunciation Post-operative speech rehabilitation for laryngeal cancer is divided into two categories: laryngeal-free and partial laryngeal function preservation. For patients with partial preservation of laryngeal function, speech rehabilitation is mainly to reconstruct the laryngeal cavity defect and laryngeal function through surgery to achieve the purpose of preserving respiratory function and vocalization. In laryngectomized patients (after total laryngectomy), air enters and exits the trachea and lungs directly through the cervical fistula. The patient can no longer articulate in the same way as the original normal articulation. Their language rehabilitation is mainly carried out by the following methods: 1.Esophageal vocalization method: using swallowing method to inhale air into the esophagus as the prime mover to vibrate the pseudo-vocal hilar, when the inhaled air is discharged, it will vibrate the mucous membrane and muscle at the connection of laryngopharynx and esophagus to make sound. 2, electronic laryngeal vocal method: the use of electricity to vibrate the electronic larynx vocal membrane, and then through the button switch, the mouth and tongue movement, you can make a sound to. Tracheoesophageal piston vocalization method: through surgery to establish tracheoesophageal fistula or place the pronunciation button, so that the airflow from the trachea into the esophagus and pronounce. 3. Pneumatic laryngeal vocalization method: The pneumatic laryngeal head is placed on the tracheostomy opening to let the airflow vibrate the articulatory membrane and pronounce the voice. The above methods vary from person to person and need to be practiced diligently in order to achieve the purpose of communication with others.