Hot summer temperatures make it a time when many diseases, such as hand, foot and mouth disease and summer fever, can strike babies with weak resistance during the summer. These diseases can easily cause high fever and are fierce. If you can prevent them early or observe and care for them at home, your baby can have a worry-free summer. What are the causes of HFMD? There are more than 20 types of enteroviruses (types) that cause HFMD, among which coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) are the most common. The routes of infection include gastrointestinal, respiratory and contact transmission. What are the manifestations of HFMD? 1, common case performance Acute onset, fever, mouth pain, anorexia, oral mucosa appear scattered herpes or ulcers, located in the tongue, cheek mucosa and hard forehead, etc., but also can spread to the soft palate, gums, tonsils and pharynx. The hands, feet, buttocks, arms, and legs appear as macules, which later turn into herpes, which may be surrounded by an inflammatory redness and less fluid in the blisters. The hands and feet are more frequent, and the back of the palms are present. The number of rashes can be as few as a few or as many as a few dozen. The rash does not leave traces after fading and there is no hyperpigmentation. In some cases, the rash is only a rash or herpetic pharyngitis. Most cases heal within a week and have a good prognosis. In some cases, the rash is atypical, such as a single site or only a maculopapular rash. 2, the performance of severe cases A small number of cases (especially those less than 3 years old), the rapid progress of the disease, the onset of meningitis, encephalitis (brainstem encephalitis is the most dangerous), encephalomyelitis, pulmonary edema, circulatory disorders, etc., a very small number of cases in critical condition, can lead to death, surviving cases may have sequelae. What tests should be done to diagnose hand, foot and mouth disease, routine examination: terminal blood leukocyte count is reduced or normal; urine and stool are generally not abnormal. Throat swabs or stool specimens can be sent to the laboratory for virus testing, but it takes 2 to 4 weeks for virus testing to produce results. The diagnosis is not difficult based on clinical symptoms and signs, and the typical distribution characteristics of the rash in the oral cavity, hands and feet in particular during a large epidemic. However, the rash is atypical in individual cases, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis. In case of scattered occurrence, it must also be differentiated from viral infections such as herpes cheek infection and rubella.