Anterior and paravertebral soft tissue swelling or abscesses are one of the important features in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis, and in particular, calcification of abscesses is often specific. Anterior paravertebral soft tissue swelling or abscesses are commonly seen in cases of spinal tuberculosis with extensive and severe destruction of the vertebral body and adnexa. Anterior and paravertebral abscesses are most often symmetrically distributed, with the thickest part generally exceeding 1 cm (the mean maximum thickness in this group is 1.5 cm), and the abscesses often flow beyond the extent of the diseased vertebral body. There are two manifestations of paravertebral abscesses in spinal tuberculosis: 1. Paravertebral abscess: pus collects next to the vertebral body and can be anterior, posterior and bilateral, with accumulation on both sides and anterior being more common; pus lifts the periosteum and can also spread upward and downward along the ligament gap, causing bone erosion at the edges of several vertebral bodies, and it can also enter the spinal canal posteriorly, compressing the spinal cord and nerve roots; 2. Influx abscess: paravertebral abscesses accumulate After reaching a certain number, the pressure increases and it will penetrate the periosteum and flow downward along the myofascial gap, resulting in abscesses at sites far from the lesion; for example, abscesses of the psoas major, abscesses of the iliac fossa, abscesses of the lumbar triangle and deep abscesses at the groin; paravertebral soft tissue swelling soft tissue swelling varies in severity, manifesting as a limited thickening of the soft tissue next to the invaded vertebral body, oval or round masses with uniform density and thin-walled envelope after enhancement . Spinal tuberculosis is clinically the most common and accounts for the first of all bone and joint tuberculosis in the body. 99% are vertebral tuberculosis. Vertebral tuberculosis accounts for about 50% to 75% of all patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis vertebral tuberculosis is most common in the lumbar spine, followed by the thoracolumbar spine, lumbosacral spine, cervical spine, and the sacrococcygeal spine. This is related to the high vertebral body load, easy strain, low muscle attachment and poor blood supply. Tuberculosis of the spine is secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis; therefore, prevention and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is the key to preventing tuberculosis of the spine. Therefore, screening for tuberculosis should be actively carried out to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment and to eliminate the source of infection. For open tuberculosis patients need to be isolated and the disinfection of their excreta and utensils should be strengthened. At the same time, BCG vaccination for children should be done. In addition, actively participate in physical exercise to enhance physical fitness. As long as these things are done, spinal tuberculosis can be prevented.