Foreign bodies are often encountered in people’s daily life to cause damage to the human body, and the common ones are conjunctival foreign bodies, nasal foreign bodies, pharyngeal foreign bodies, esophageal foreign bodies and tracheal foreign bodies. (A) Conjunctival foreign body is a foreign body such as iron filings, grain, sand, dust, small insects, etc. entering the eye, and the foreign body feels painful or spicy in the eye, rubbing discomfort, tearing and other irritating symptoms. The first step is to determine whether the foreign body is in the upper or lower lid. When a foreign body enters the eye, although it is uncomfortable, do not rub it with your hands to prevent it from rolling and damaging the eyeball, but pull the eyelid loose and flush it away with tears. 2, available saline or 3% boric acid rinse lid conjunctival sac. 3. If the above methods are not effective, a small sterile cotton swab dipped in a little saline can be used to gently pick up the foreign body. Then point anti-inflammatory eye drops. You can also use the patient’s handkerchief to fold and then wipe off the foreign body. 4, the above methods are not effective, quickly to the hospital for foreign body dial picking surgery. (B) nasal foreign body Mostly seen in children playing, unintentionally beans, peanuts, buttons, beads or glass marbles, crayons or hard objects and other foreign objects into the nasal cavity, adults are mostly accidents such as metal pieces, glass pieces flying into the nasal cavity; its performance is, general blunt foreign body, symptoms are not obvious, such as beans, peanuts can be swollen within a few hours, blocking the nostrils, sneezing, decay when there is a purulent discharge. And sharp or coarse foreign body, easy to cause nasal cavity damage. Bleeding, ulcers, not removed in time, easy to form infection and septicemia, etc. On-site first aid 1. Different forms of foreign bodies entering the nasal cavity are handled in different ways. Most of the foreign bodies just entered the nasal cavity stay in the nasal mouth, adults can press the nostril on the healthy side and blow the nose with force. For children who are sensible, this method can also be used to discharge foreign bodies. However, it is not suitable for children under three years old. It is easy to inhale the foreign body into the trachea because of poor coordination, which can lead to airway blockage and choking of the nose. 2.For nasal foreign bodies that cannot be blown or have entered deep into the nasal cavity, a probe can be used to find out the shape and nature of the foreign body and then remove it with hooks or tweezers. Do not use tweezers to hold the garden-shaped foreign body, so as not to slide to the depths. For sharp foreign body or too large foreign body piercing, send to hospital quickly. (C) pharyngeal foreign bodies are commonly fish spikes, bone fragments, fruit kernels, needles, wheat mang, etc., and dentures for the elderly can also cause. The foreign bodies are located in the nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx. On-site first aid 1, nasopharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal foreign body, must be handled by a specialist in the hospital. 2, oropharyngeal foreign bodies, whether fish spikes, bone fragments, stitches, etc. are easy to pierce the tonsils of the oropharynx or its nearby tissues, to light enough, direct light in the oropharynx, let the patient open wide, breathe quietly, use tongue depressor or chopsticks to press the tongue downward, so that the pharynx is clearly exposed, and use forceps or pliers to hold the dial out. There is a folklore of fish stab foreign body let the patient drink vinegar or gargle pharynx, so that it softened and removed, no scientific basis, undesirable. 3, do not take out the person, do not force, quickly sent to the hospital for medical treatment. (D) esophageal foreign body Most of them occur at the opening of the upper esophagus, often metal, rings, needles and other foreign bodies pierced into the esophagus when swallowing, showing a foreign body feeling, pain, etc. Once a foreign body occurs in the esophagus, do not eat again, so as not to push the foreign body deeper, aggravating the damage and danger. On-site first aid 1, after the occurrence of foreign bodies in the esophagus, should be temporarily prohibited from eating and drinking to keep quiet, do not use water to drink and eat water method to flush foreign bodies. 2, into the esophagus smooth foreign body or ring foreign body, can be discharged with the stool itself, let the patient eat more vegetables rich in coarse fiber, such as long leeks, do not induce diarrhea. 3, into the esophagus sharp foreign body, such as stitches, knife, fish spikes and other easy to cause esophageal and gastrointestinal perforation, should be closely observed to prevent bleeding and infection. And send to hospital for further examination and treatment. (E), tracheal foreign body tracheal foreign body mostly occurs in children, adults occasionally see. For some reason, peanuts, melon seeds, date kernels, pins, pins, buttons, coins, etc. are inadvertently inhaled into the trachea. To make the trachea stimulated, sudden combustion appears violent choking cough, croup, foreign body blocking the trachea, there can be breath-holding, hoarseness, pale or blue face, breathing difficulties, and even asphyxiation. On-site first aid 1, first remove the vomit or food residue in the nose and mouth 2, the techniques to exclude foreign bodies from the trachea: (1) diaphragm under the abdominal pressure boxing method. After the rescuer stands at the side of the patient, arms turn around the patient’s waist and abdomen. One hand according to the fist, with the side of the thumb (radial side) top in the midpoint of the fenestra and umbilicus line, the other hand overlap in the hand of the fist, upward and inward violent pressure on the abdomen, squeeze to fast and strong, pressure after relaxation, repeated operations to drive out foreign bodies, but should be careful not to press both sides of the midline; (2) buckle back method. In standing first aid, the rescuer stands behind the patient’s side, places one arm on the patient’s chest, surrounds the patient, and gives four consecutive, sharp and strong taps on the spine of the interscapular region with the palm root of the other hand to facilitate the discharge of foreign bodies. For prone patients, let the patient bend the knees and curl up, facing the rescuer, while the rescuer with knees and thighs against the patient’s chest, with the root of the palm in the interscapular region of the spine four consecutive powerful taps, so that the foreign body discharged. 3, children’s first aid techniques: let the child lying prone between the legs, head low feet high, and then use the palm of the hand force in the child’s two interscapular spine four times in a row, if it does not work, the child turned into supine back against the legs of the rescuer, and then the rescuer with the index and middle fingers to squeeze the upper abdomen backwards, pressure after relaxation repeatedly to help foreign bodies discharge.