The common types of cataracts are briefly described here as follows: 1. Age-related cataracts are the most common and age-related, mostly seen in people over 50 years of age, and almost 100% of people over 80 years of age have cataracts of varying degrees. Among the many causes of blindness, senile cataract is the first blindness-causing factor.
2. Congenital cataracts that exist since birth or occur at an early age. It is related to heredity, chromosomal variation, intrauterine infection, etc.
3. Metabolic cataracts associated with metabolic disorders in the human body. It is common in patients with diabetes mellitus, parathyroid insufficiency, etc.
4.Complicated cataracts caused by intraocular inflammation, hemorrhage, high myopia, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma and other diseases.
5. Drug and toxic cataracts caused by long-term application or exposure to drugs or chemicals that have toxic effects on the lens. Common drugs include glucocorticoids, chlorpromazine, antineoplastic drugs, contraceptives and pupil reduction agents, etc. Chemicals include trinitrotoluene, dinitrophenol, naphthalene and mercury, etc.
6.Radiation cataract due to radiation. Radiation includes infrared rays, neutrons, X-rays, γ-rays and high-energy β-rays, as well as microwaves, etc.
7. Traumatic cataracts caused by eye trauma resulting in clouding of the lens. It can be caused by car accidents, blunt force injuries, and stabbing injuries from sharp objects.
8.Posterior cataract after cataract surgery. Posterior cataract refers to the clouding of the residual cortex and capsule membrane after cataract extracapsular extraction or crystal ultrasound emulsification. It mainly refers to the clouding of the capsule membrane or mechanized membrane caused by the proliferation of the lens epithelium and the proliferation of cells transformed from other tissues after cataract extraction, which is located in the center of the pupil and can affect vision when the clouding reaches a certain degree.