With the popularity of chest CT examinations in medical checkups, small lung nodules have become a high-frequency word that doctors and patients have been talking about more and more in recent years. Small lung nodules are a common type of disease in thoracic surgery and respiratory medicine, and are also common in people at high risk for lung cancer. However, finding small lung nodules does not mean that lung cancer has occurred, and small lung nodules themselves contain a collective name for many extremely different kinds of diseases. Lung nodules found by CT are classified into three categories: 1) solid nodules or partially solid nodules; 2) non-solid nodules, including ground glass shadows and ground glass nodules; and 3) multiple non-solid nodules. Most of the lung nodules found in physical examination are not lung cancer, and the false positive rate is high, but most of the lung cancers found in physical examination are early stage, and the cure rate is extremely high, with a 5-year survival rate close to 100%. The occurrence of lung cancer judged from CT is a slow process from nothing to gradually increasing in size. At present, the sensitive examination method still relies on chest CT, especially high-definition multi-row spiral CT, which can clearly distinguish the morphology, density, and relationship with small blood vessels and airways of small lung nodules, and is used to follow up whether the small nodules are stable and multiplication time. It is a powerful assistant for clinicians to determine the nature of small lung nodules and their management. The incidence of lung cancer is currently the highest among all types of tumors. Although lung cancer is treated with surgery, radiotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine in the middle and late stages, the efficacy is still poor, which brings great losses to patients, families and society. Early stage lung cancer can be cured by minimally invasive surgery, and after surgery, radiotherapy is not needed, and patients can continue their work and life before surgery. How to detect early? Chest CT examination; how to diagnose early and effectively? Joint clinic such as thoracic surgery imaging department; How to early surgical treatment? Thoracoscopic minimally invasive surgical treatment. Thoracoscopic minimally invasive surgery can eliminate early lung cancer in the small nodal stage in the budding stage. It can not only make a clear diagnosis by rapid pathological section during surgery, but also completely remove the diseased small lung nodules at the same time, killing two birds with one stone, leaving only two 1-2 cm wounds on the lateral chest wall, with little trauma, light pain and fast recovery, and discharge from hospital about 1 week after surgery. For some benign small lung nodule lesions, such as malignant tumor, granuloma necrosis, inflammatory pseudotumor, etc., it can also be clearly diagnosed and completely cured, avoiding the radiation damage to the body caused by long-term repeated CT review, and also removing the huge psychological burden of cancer fear for small lung nodule patients. Thoracoscopic minimally invasive surgery is the most powerful weapon to deal with small lung nodules. For a considerable period of time in the future, with the persistence of environmental factors such as haze and the continued promotion of chest CT for medical examination, the incidence and detection rate of small lung nodules are increasing rapidly, leading to an explosive increase in the number of carriers of small lung nodules. The treatment mode of thoracic surgery for lung cancer patients has gradually stepped into the era of minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery for small pulmonary nodules.