Strabismus is a common eye disease in children. Normally, when we look straight ahead, both eyes are in the middle position and the position of both eyes is symmetrical when we turn in all directions. When we look straight ahead, one eye is in the middle, but the black eye of the other eye is out of the center, it is called strabismus. Strabismus can be divided into internal strabismus (commonly known as crossed eyes), external strabismus (commonly known as glancing eyes), upward strabismus, and downward strabismus. There are many causes of strabismus, some strabismus is related to genetics, some strabismus is related to abnormal muscle development, and some strabismus is related to refractive abnormalities. There are also strabismus caused by one or more muscles of the eye becoming impaired due to cold and fever or trauma, intracranial lesions, or myasthenia gravis, which causes the eye movements of both eyes to become unbalanced, resulting in strabismus. Strabismus is not only an eye disease that affects aesthetics, but more importantly, it can lead to a serious decrease or even loss of vision and binocular vision. In infancy and early childhood, strabismus is often more prevalent because of the imperfect development of binocular vision. Strabismus in children must be detected early and treated correctly in time. 1. Early detection and early treatment Once strabismus is detected, children should be treated as early as possible, which is essential to prevent the formation of amblyopia and establish binocular vision as early as possible. In addition, strabismus often causes abnormal head position of the child, which is often referred to as “skewed head vision”, therefore, early treatment of strabismus is very important to correct the abnormal head position and avoid asymmetric facial development and spinal deformity caused by “skewed head vision”. Therefore, the early treatment of strabismus is very important to correct the abnormal head position and avoid the adverse consequences such as asymmetry of facial development and deformity of spinal development caused by “skewed vision”. 2, correct examination and treatment of strabismus Once strabismus appears, we should first understand the child’s visual acuity and eye condition. Depending on the age of the child and the type of strabismus, different dilating agents are used for pupil examination. After the pupil is dilated, the refractive status is checked with the pupil completely relaxed. If any abnormalities are found, the child should be fitted with appropriate glasses and re-evaluated for changes in strabismus and normal visual acuity while wearing the glasses. If the visual acuity does not reach normal with glasses, the patient also has amblyopia, and amblyopia training is required. With the exception of a small percentage of children with internal strabismus, which can be completely corrected with appropriate distance glasses, most strabismus patients require surgical treatment. Therefore, for strabismus that cannot be corrected by glasses, surgery must be performed in a timely manner to establish the condition of simultaneous binocular vision, to prevent amblyopia, to promote the development of binocular vision, and to return a bright pair of wise eyes to the strabismic child. For children with refractive error and amblyopia, glasses and amblyopia therapy are still required after surgery. In order to consolidate the eye position after strabismus surgery and restore binocular vision more quickly, individualized treatment plans can be developed to enhance fusion and stereopsis for each child. Finally, it is important to emphasize that regular postoperative reviews should be performed to detect possible recurrence of strabismus and to provide timely treatment.