Cholelithiasis is a stone disease that occurs in the gallbladder and bile ducts and includes cholesterol stones, bile pigment stones and mixed stones. The prevalence of cholelithiasis in China has increased to more than 10%, which means that more than 100 million people have gallstone disease in China. Although gallstone patients are very common, not everyone suffers from gallstone disease. What factors predispose to gallstone disease? The causes of gallstone are complex and comprehensive. Through clinical observation, experimental research and epidemiological investigation, it is believed that the basic factor is a change in the composition and physicochemical properties of bile, resulting in supersaturation of cholesterol in bile, which can easily precipitate and crystallize to form stones; in addition, there may be a nucleation factor in the bile of gallbladder stone patients, which can secrete a large amount of mucus The above changes may be related to the following factors. 1, gender, gallbladder stones, common in women, especially women with multiple pregnancies, long-term use of contraceptives or postmenopausal treatment with estrogenic drugs, suffer more gallstone disease. Because the changes of estrogen in their bodies directly affect the enzyme system of the liver, so that the bile secreted by the liver cells contains less bile acid salts and more cholesterol, but also interfere with the contraction function of the gallbladder, bile discharge is blocked, bile stasis, prompting the formation of gallstones. 2, age, with the growth of age, the biliary tract motor function gradually decreases. Therefore, the older you are, the easier the cholesterol in the bile is deposited from the bile, so the incidence of gallstone disease increases with age. 3, genetic genes, the latest research found that in humans and animals do have information genes carrying gallstone disease. This confirms that the occurrence of cholelithiasis is related to genetics. 4, long-term no breakfast, some people with long fasting time at night, bile secretion decreases, the composition of bile also changes, in which the content of bile acid decreases, and cholesterol is deposited in the gallbladder, and in the long run, cholesterol stones are formed. The original suffered from insufficient secretion of bile acid or cholesterol secretion of people, if often do not eat breakfast, more likely to occur gallstone disease. 5, sweet tooth, excess sugar will increase the secretion of insulin, accelerate the accumulation of cholesterol, resulting in an imbalance in the ratio of cholesterol, bile acids, lecithin in the bile; excess sugar will also be converted into fat, which will cause the body to gain weight, which in turn will cause an increase in cholesterol secretion, thus contributing to the occurrence of gallstones. 6, over-eating refined carbohydrates, because over-eating refined carbohydrates will increase the saturation of cholesterol in the bile, so that cholesterol precipitation and the formation of stones. 7, excessive consumption of fatty foods, the intake of a large number of fatty foods can lead to changes in the composition of bile, which increases the content of cholesterol and bile pigments; fat metabolism is also prone to disorders, bile is easy to concentrate, the gallbladder contraction function is also reduced, more likely to form gallstones. 8, unclean diet, China’s high incidence of gallstone disease, 70% of gallstones is the core of roundworm eggs and roundworm residues. Once the dead worm eggs or worm bodies become the core of stones, resulting in poor biliary drainage, coupled with the biliary tract infection caused by the worms bringing in E. coli, the bacteria can convert the soluble direct bilirubin in the bile into insoluble indirect bilirubin, and the latter can easily combine with calcium to precipitate and form stones. 9. In long-term vegetarians, the formation of stones is certainly related to excessive fat and high cholesterol. More importantly, it depends on the solubility of cholesterol. In normal people, cholesterol is mixed with bile salts and lecithin in a certain ratio in a microcolloid column suspended in the bile, and when this ratio is destroyed, stones are formed. Some vegetarians do not consume enough lecithin, and the excessive fiber in the vegetarian diet prevents the reabsorption of bile acids, causing the concentration of bile salts in the bile to decrease. Insufficient lecithin and bile salts lead to an imbalance in the ratio, resulting in the formation of stones. 10.After partial gastrectomy, when most of the stomach is removed, the vagus nerve is often damaged and the tension of the gallbladder decreases, making it easy for bile to stagnate and form stones. 11.Patients after partial colectomy, because the ability to absorb bile salts in the intestine decreases, the content of bile salts in the bile decreases, the ability to dissolve cholesterol also decreases, and the incidence of cholesterol stones increases. 12, Patients suffering from diabetes, nephritis, hypothyroidism, hemolytic diseases, etc. are prone to the formation of cholesterol stones.