HFMD is an acute infectious disease caused by enteroviruses (CoxA16 and EV71), mostly occurring in preschool children, with the highest incidence in the under-3 age group. The disease is mainly transmitted through the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and close contact, with both patients and latent infections as the source of infection. The main symptoms are papular rash and herpes on the hands, feet and mouth. In a few cases, meningitis, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, pulmonary edema and circulatory disorders may occur, mostly caused by EV71 infection, and the main cause of death is brainstem encephalitis and neurogenic pulmonary edema. How to treat symptomatically? Most children with HFMD can be cured in one week by combining Chinese and Western medicine for fever and other symptoms. Since the beginning of 2010, our hospital has treated 45 cases of HFMD, and all of them have been discharged from the hospital, and none of them has turned into serious cases. This has to do with the correct diagnosis and treatment by the doctors, but as the head nurse of the infection ward, I think it is also essential for us nurses to provide active and effective nursing care for common HFMD cases! How to take care of it? 1. Disinfection and isolation Once found to be infected with HFMD, the child should seek medical attention promptly and avoid contact with the outside world, which generally requires isolation for 2 weeks. The items used by the patient should be thoroughly disinfected: a disinfectant solution containing chlorine can be used for soaking, and items that should not be soaked can be exposed to sunlight. The patient’s room should be regularly ventilated by opening windows to keep the air fresh and circulating and the temperature appropriate. In families where it is possible, lactic acid fumigation can be used daily for air disinfection. Reduce the number of people entering and leaving the room of the affected child, prohibit smoking to prevent air pollution and avoid secondary infection. 2. Diet and nutrition If the disease is acquired in summer, the patient is prone to dehydration and electrolyte disorders, and needs proper hydration and nutrition. Patients should rest in bed for one week and drink more warm water. Children with fever and oral herpes have poor appetite and are reluctant to eat. It is appropriate to give the patient to eat light, warm, tasty, easy to digest, soft liquid or semi-liquid, and prohibit cold, spicy, salty and other irritating food. 3, oral care Patients will refuse to eat, salivation, crying and sleeplessness due to oral pain, to keep the patient’s mouth clean, before and after meals with saline gargle, for patients who can not gargle, you can use cotton swabs dipped in saline to gently clean the mouth. You can apply vitamin B 2 powder to strengthen the pine 1 tablet of gentamicin 1 and mix it well to the oral erosion site, also oral vitamin B 2, vitamin C, supplemented by ultrasonic nebulized inhalation to reduce pain, promote early healing of erosion and prevent secondary bacterial infection. 4. Rash care The child’s clothes and bedding should be clean, comfortable, soft and frequently changed. Cut the child’s nails short and wrap the child’s hands if necessary to prevent scratching the rash. Children with rashes on the buttocks should always clean up their urine and stool to keep the buttocks clean and dry. The rash on the hands and feet can be coated with glycolic lotion at the beginning, and 0.5% iodophor can be applied when there is a herpes formation or when the herpes breaks down. Pay attention to keep the skin clean to prevent infection. 5, the condition of observation Pediatric hand, foot and mouth disease is generally low or moderate fever, no special treatment, you can let the child drink more water. Children with body temperature between 37,5℃ and 38,5℃ should be given physical cooling such as heat dissipation, drinking more warm water and taking warm baths. If the child’s body temperature is higher than 38 degrees Celsius, use appropriate antipyretic medication to control the body temperature to a more appropriate temperature range. Closely observe the child’s blood pressure and heart rate and any abnormal changes in the nervous system, such as fainting and convulsions and shaking of the limbs. Accurately record 24 urine volume and stool volume and properties, pay attention to maintaining water, electrolytes, acid-base balance and protection of important organs; if there are no complications, the child can generally recover in 5-7 days in a very good care atmosphere. Prevention and control of HFMD is difficult, and there is a lack of specific and effective preventive and control measures. Both latently infected and asymptomatic virus carriers are sources of infection, and patients are highly infectious during the incubation period, and have complex transmission routes and rapid transmission. At present, there is no vaccine and no specific treatment drugs for HFMD. Provincial Health Department for the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease epidemic situation requirements. Medical institutions and related departments at all levels should further strengthen the implementation of prevention and control work, increase health promotion, so that parents of children with the disease early detection, early consultation, to reduce the chances of infection of children. At the same time, strengthen the epidemic monitoring and reporting, scientific research and judgment of the development trend of the epidemic; strengthen the prevention and control measures in key places, effective control of the spread of the epidemic, case investigation work and the disposal of the epidemic of aggregated cases. And strengthen the training of grass-roots medical personnel in the prevention and treatment of HFMD to improve the prevention and control capabilities; strengthen the rescue and treatment of serious cases and strive to reduce the disease and death rate. Early active and effective treatment and care of common cases of HFMD is of positive significance to effectively control the spread of the epidemic, reduce the chance of serious cases and lower the mortality rate of affected children.