An international multicenter study published in The Lancet in 2012 confirmed that cytarabine is not effective in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. In this study, more than 2,000 patients with acute stroke were randomized to cytarabine treatment and control groups. The two groups were comparable in terms of the degree of disease before treatment and thrombolytic therapy, and at the end of the observation, the treatment and control groups had the same recovery and were not superior. The results of previous studies on the efficacy of cytarabine have been inconsistent, and the findings of this study have been described as “the end of the cytarabine saga”.