For occlusion of long segments of lower extremity arteries or/and occlusion of combined arterial bifurcation sites, the traditional or classical treatment is surgical vascular bypass. However, long-segment vascular bypass is highly invasive and risky, when the functional impairment of the heart, liver, kidneys, lungs and other organs is difficult to tolerate the procedure, postoperative complications (bleeding, graft occlusion, fistula, cardiovascular accidents, etc.) are more frequent than interventional treatments, there is no ideal saphenous vein (e.g., varicose saphenous vein, saphenous vein is used as a cardiac bypass, the diameter of the saphenous vein is not suitable), artificial vessels are used as grafts, and medium- and long-term The patency rate is also greatly reduced. Endovascular treatment (especially subendoplasty) is less invasive and has a higher success rate, allowing recanalization of long occluded lesions. However, the 3-year patency rate is 30-40%. Endoluminal treatment has the disadvantage of easily damaging the other vessel at the bifurcation site during balloon dilation or stent implantation. How to retain the advantages of both and overcome the disadvantages of each is a common concern of scholars at home and abroad. Since the mid-1990s, some scholars have attempted to combine the two techniques of interventional and surgical treatment, namely hybrid surgery, also called composite surgery, for the treatment of long-segment occlusion of lower extremity arteries or/and occlusion of combined arterial bifurcation sites. After years of exploration and experience, this technique has been refined and is now an important method for the treatment of long segmental occlusions or/and combined arterial bifurcation occlusions of the lower extremity arteries. The most common hybrid procedures include some of the following: (1) Intimal atherosclerotic plaque debridement of the common femoral artery (equivalent to the area slightly above the root of the thigh, above the common opening of the superficial and deep femoral arteries), followed by intervention of the iliac or superficial femoral artery through an incision in the common femoral artery to treat long-segment occlusions of the iliac to common femoral arteries, severe bifurcations of the common, superficial and deep femoral arteries stenosis or occlusion. (2) Bypass bypass surgery of the superficial femoral artery-N, which corresponds to the area slightly above the root of the thigh, followed by interventional treatment of the inflow or outflow tract of the bypass, mainly to treat long-segment occlusions of the superficial femoral artery-N artery. (3) Surgical excision and debridement of intimal atherosclerotic plaque in the distal part of the superficial femoral artery (equivalent to the thigh area), followed by excisional endothelial debridement of the common femoral artery and interventional treatment of the proximal end of the superficial femoral artery, and multi-segment occlusion of the common femoral artery-superficial femoral artery. Currently, the success rate of the above hybridization procedures can reach 90-95%, the 30-day operative mortality rate is greatly reduced, and the 5-year patency rate can reach 60%-80%; for stenoses that appear, the 5-year patency rate can still be high after interventional treatment.