Acute lower extremity arterial embolism is mostly caused by dislodgement of blood clots in the heart or arteries or acute thrombosis on the basis of atherosclerosis, which is mostly caused by atrial fibrillation, resulting in blockage of the arterial lumen of the lower extremity and acute ischemia of the extremity, manifesting as the 5P signs (pain, pulselessness, pallor, numbness and dyskinesia). The incidence of this disease has gradually increased in recent years. The diagnosis is often not made on the basis of the patient’s typical signs and symptoms and past medical history, but can be confirmed by ultrasound and arteriography. The traditional treatment of this disease mostly uses surgical embolization, but this method has the disadvantages of being very traumatic and prone to re-formation of thrombosis, and the amputation rate is high. The efficacy of surgical embolization is confirmed, and the embolization time is usually within 8 hours after embolization, so that the arterial blood flow can be restored as soon as possible. The surgery is very traumatic and has many postoperative complications, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, nerve injury leading to limb motor dysfunction, most commonly peroneal nerve injury leading to foot ptosis, and lymphatic fistula is also one of the most common complications. Lymphatic fistula is also the most common complication. Intraoperatively and postoperatively, poppies and prostaglandins are used to improve ischemic symptoms. In recent years, the use of endoluminal therapy in arterial embolism has gradually increased, and transcatheter infusion of urokinase thrombolysis has become the main method of treating arterial embolism. Urokinase is directly thrombolized at the thrombus site through the thrombolytic catheter, and it can be combined with mechanical fragmentation of the catheter guidewire to increase the contact area of the drug and improve the thrombolytic effect, and the thrombolytic effect can be monitored by imaging, and the residual arterial stenosis after thrombolysis can be treated. Acute lower extremity arterial embolism starts rapidly, progresses rapidly, and has serious consequences. It is necessary to make a clear diagnosis as soon as possible and take effective measures in time to restore blood supply to the limb, control the development of the disease, and ensure the survival of the limb to the maximum extent.