Pavement stone like degeneration appears as small white prolate or oval shaped foci of choroidal retinal atrophy with clear borders, which may be accompanied by massive pigmented spots. Choroidal vessels are clearly visible in the lesions. It is confirmed that myopia is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and that genetics plays a very important role in degenerative myopia. Guggenheim et al. conducted a statistical analysis of the prevalence of myopia among siblings and the inheritance between parents and offspring, and the results were significantly higher than those of low myopia, indicating that genetics plays a very important role in the development of myopia. The mode of inheritance of degenerative myopia is extremely complex, with multiple modes of inheritance reported, including autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and sex-linked inheritance. In addition, Balacca believes that the pathogenesis of degenerative myopia should include various factors acting on scleral collagen, and that certain long-term visual disorders can affect the mesopituitary system, altering hormonal homeostasis. This hormonal balance is associated with a continuous weakening of scleral collagen, which predisposes to myopia. Microcirculatory disorders in the fundus can lead to destruction of scleral collagen fibers, which can lead to extension of the sclera and the development of degenerative myopia. In addition to heredity, acquired environment such as general health, living environment, personal habits, and long-term close eye work can all contribute to the deepening of myopia. Prevention Patients with high myopia need regular observation and should pay attention to eye hygiene.