Glucose-lowering drugs are generally divided into oral hypoglycemic agents and non-oral hypoglycemic agents, as follows: 1. Oral hypoglycemic agents: generally divided into biguanides, typically represented by metformin; alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, represented by acarbose and voglibose; secretagogues, divided into sulfonylurea secretagogues and non-sulfonylurea secretagogues, typically represented by gliclazide, glimepiride and repaglinide; insulin sensitizers, such as pioglitazone, rosiglitazone DPP-4 inhibitors, typically represented by selegiline, kagliptin and alogliptin; SGLT-2 inhibitors, typically represented by dagliflozin and engramliptin; 2. Non-oral hypoglycemic agents: insulins, such as menthol insulin, glargine insulin and lysergic insulin, GLP-1 analogues, such as exenatide and liraglutide.