Congenital hypospadias is the most common congenital malformation of the male lower urinary tract and external genitalia. The urethral orifice appears on the ventral side of the penis on the proximal side of the normal urethral orifice to the perineum, and most cases are associated with a downward curvature of the penis. The causes of hypospadias are complex and are related to embryological factors, genetic factors, endocrine factors and other factors. The occurrence of hypospadias may be increased by the mother’s young or old age, the low weight of the child, environmental pollution, oral contraceptives and birth control pills during pregnancy. Cases of hypospadias cannot stand to urinate, painful erection and affect fertility in adulthood and must be treated surgically. For hypospadias of the penis head, surgery can also be considered for aesthetic considerations. The age of surgery is recommended around 6 to 18 months. The age of surgery should be decided according to the development of the penis, especially the head of the penis. If the development of the penis is poor, HCG treatment can be given first. Surgical method】There are many surgical methods for hypospadias, mainly including two steps of penile curvature correction and urethral repair. Post-operative treatment] 6 hours after surgery can eat, be antibiotics, hemostasis, vitamin therapy; 4-5 days after surgery to change the medication, open the wound exposure and review urinalysis and blood count; 7 days after urethroplasty wound without redness and swelling is discharged with a urinary catheter; 2 weeks and 3 weeks after surgery to try to expand the urethra once each to exclude urethral stricture. Seven days after the first stage of penile curvature correction, the urethra was removed and discharged, and the second stage of urethral repair was performed six months later. 【Complications and treatment】 1. Urethral fistula: It is the most common complication after hypospadias surgery. The causes are mostly related to the blood supply of the formed urethral tissue, tension, new urethral covering tissue and whether the distal urethral opening is narrow. Continue to dilate the urethra to ensure the distal urethra is open, and perform urethral fistula repair six months after surgery. 2. Urethral orifice and urethral stricture: mostly occur at the penile head segment and urethral anastomosis. Most of them can be improved by dilating the urethra for 3 months after surgery. Otherwise, urethral stenosis segment excision urethroplasty is needed. 3, skin flap necrosis: less common, anti-infection conservative treatment can be healed. 4, urethral diverticulum-like dilatation: usually appears after the second stage of staged surgery or after bladder mucosal substitution urethra surgery. It is necessary to operate again six months after surgery to remove the excess diverticulum to shape the urethra. Follow-up guidance】 1. 2 weeks after surgery, return to the hospital for review at the specialist clinic, remove the urinary catheter, observe urination, and perform urethral dilation once if necessary. 2. If the urethra is prophylactically dilated in the third week after surgery, and there is no clear manifestation of urethral stricture such as difficulty in urination and thin urinary line, and there is no urethral fistula, then we will review it after 1 month. 3.Return to the hospital 3 months and 6 months after surgery to review the penile shape, urination and urethral condition. 4.The following emergencies need to return to the hospital or local hospital in time: (1) redness and swelling of the penile wound; (2) blockage of the urethra; (3) thin urinary line and difficulty in urination.