The treatment of esophageal varices includes the following two aspects: First, for those who already have esophageal varices but do not show bleeding, proton pump inhibitors or H2 receptor antagonists can be given orally to reduce the damage of gastric acid to the variceal wall. Non-selective beta-receptor antagonists such as propranolol and carvedilol are given orally, but the heart rate of such drugs should not be less than 55 beats per minute. Endoscopic ligature therapy can also be given, in which a rubber band is used to ligate the varicose esophageal vein under endoscopy, causing local ischemia and necrosis, granulation tissue proliferation, scar formation, and closure of the varicose vessel. Secondly, for patients who have had ruptured esophageal variceal bleeding, they can wait for bleeding stabilization and then perform tip treatment, endoscopic ligation treatment, but still with propranolol or proton pump inhibitor, if there is still recurrent bleeding, consider splenic embolization and splenectomy. All of the above treatments are symptomatic and used to relieve symptoms and prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding. The fundamental purpose is to enhance hepatoprotective therapy, promote blood flow back to the liver, and reduce the pressure of collateral circulation.