The human skull consists of 23 bones and is an important organ that supports and protects the brain. When brain injury occurs due to some unexpected situation or accident, it is necessary to control the intracranial pressure through decompression surgery by removing the bone flap. After the surgery, the brain tissue in the area of the bone flap is put under the direct effect of atmospheric pressure, due to the lack of protective effect of the skull, the temperature outside the skull also directly affects the brain tissue, too cold and too hot is not conducive to the recovery of neurological function. Therefore, cranial defects must be repaired in a timely manner, the excellent performance of the repair material will allow patients to restore health as soon as possible after surgery, the performance of the material is almost not only slow recovery, but also may bring a series of complications or the need for secondary repair. So, which material should patients choose to repair can effectively avoid complications? Cranial bone repair materials have experienced a long and tortuous history of development, the gradual evolution of the materials have shown the joint efforts of different experts in various times, in the development of science and technology today, the main cranial bone repair material is titanium mesh, but titanium mesh due to biocompatibility is relatively poor, postoperative patients may be titanium mesh exposed, while as a metal material, postoperative patients are susceptible to heat and cold sensitive reaction, local pain, in addition to metal materials for the late stage of repair, the patient may not have a series of complications or need for secondary repair. In addition, the metal material will cause serious interference in the later review of the patient’s nuclear magnetic CT. At present, the clinical application and validation of polyether ether ketone PEEK material has become a new material for cranial bone repair. This PEEK material not only has good biocompatibility but also has excellent molding ability, through advanced 3D printing technology can highly restore the patient’s defective skull, and realize the close articulation with the surrounding bone window; in addition, peek material is an inert material that is resistant to high temperature and will not be subjected to changes in the weather, which may cause the patient to have a sensitive reaction; its hardness is strong, and there will be no deformation of the situation after the operation. The material is extremely hard and will not deform after surgery.