Chronic granulocytic leukemia has clear diagnostic criteria and has its specific indicators that do not lead to misdiagnosis. Laboratory diagnosis of chronic granulocytic leukemia has the following points:
1. Red blood cells and hemoglobin are normal in the early stage, a few of them are even slightly increased, and gradually show mild or moderate decrease with the development of the disease, and will show severe decrease in the acute stage.
2. Granulocytes of various stages can be seen in the smear, in which the increase of neutral neutrophils and late granulocytes is dominant, and the increase of rod-shaped nucleus and lobulated nucleus is also increased, the primitive granulocytes are less than 10%, and the basophilic granulocytes can be as high as 10%~20%, which is one of the characteristics of chronic granulocytic leukemia.
3. Bone marrow image has extremely active proliferation of nucleated cells, and the ratio of granulocytes to red cells can be increased up to (10~50):1, with neutrophilic neutrophils, late juvenile granulocytes and rod-shaped nucleated cells in the majority. In the acute stage, the red lineage and megakaryocyte lineage will be inhibited.
4. Cytochemical staining of NAP positivity and points are significantly reduced, or even absent.
5. Chromosomal examination, the Ph chromosome is the characteristic abnormal chromosome of chronic granulocytic leukemia, and the detection rate is 90%~95%, most of which are t(9;22)(q34;q11), which is called typical translocation.
Chronic granulocytic leukemia can be correctly diagnosed under the guidance of a physician based on these test results, and is generally not misdiagnosed.