More than 90% of lung cancers are due to active smoking or passive “secondhand smoke”; a US study concluded that about 20% of lung cancer in non-smokers is attributable to environmental tobacco smoke; lung cancer mortality is 4-10 times higher in smokers than non-smokers, and the earlier the age of initiation, the longer the duration of smoking, and the higher the age of smoking, the higher the lung cancer mortality rate The average of 10 cigarettes per day was associated with an 18% increase in cardiovascular disease mortality in men and a 31% increase in cardiovascular disease mortality in women; a 4-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction in younger smokers compared with older adults; 19.9% of acute coronary events and 11.0% of acute ischemic stroke events were attributed to smoking the overall risk ratio for all types of stroke is 1.39, mainly the increased risk of ischemic stroke with a risk ratio of 1.49; the number of deaths from smoking-related diseases in China was 1.4 million in 2005, causing direct and indirect national economic losses of nearly 300 billion yuan, accounting for about 1.5% of the gross national product; and