Children can hear sounds after birth, and larger acoustic stimuli (e.g., banging on a toy or palming) can cause some behavioral responses that are visible to the naked eye (commonly referred to as the “auditory reflex”). The most common behavioral response is the rapid shaking of the limbs toward the midline of the body immediately after acoustic stimulation, or the rapid opening and closing of the eyelids, or sometimes the cessation of sucking or changes in the rhythm of breathing, etc. These responses persist during the first 3 months of life. After 3 months of age, the child will actively seek out sounds and will turn his or her head or turn around to find the source of the sound when acoustic stimuli (e.g., high-fives, calls, switching on and off audio appliances, etc.) are emitted in places that the child cannot see. As the child ages, the intensity of the sound stimulus that elicits a response from the child decreases. If the child is often unresponsive to sound stimuli, he or she should be aware of the presence of hearing problems (commonly referred to as auditory disorders) and should be taken to the appropriate medical institution for a detailed examination. Some children who can hear other people’s voices but do not understand what they mean are suffering from neurological deafness, which is caused by a decrease in the frequency part of speech (500HZ-4000HZ). With the continuous development of audiometric technology, objective hearing tests provide a reliable basis for early scientific and accurate pediatric hearing function testing. The method includes acoustic conductance testing, auditory evoked potential testing, and otoacoustic emission testing. All newborns are screened by otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) and automatic auditory brainstem evoked potentials (AABR) within 1-3 days of birth, and if they fail, they are rescreened within 42 days of birth. The diagnosis should be confirmed at the relevant diagnostic center or otorhinolaryngology department at the age of 3 months by using auditory evoked potential (ABR), acoustic conductance test, otoacoustic emission test, and multi-frequency steady state evoked potential (ASSR). A decrease in otoacoustic emissions and auditory evoked potentials (ABR) along with an A-format acoustic conductance test is considered neurological deafness. If a patient is diagnosed with hearing loss, it should be diagnosed again 6 months after birth, and medical intervention should be taken immediately after the final diagnosis is confirmed by two diagnoses. For infants with hearing impairment, early intervention therapy such as hearing aid fitting (40-80dB to be fitted) and language training is appropriate, while electronic cochlear implantation (80dB or more) should be chosen for infants with complete hearing loss. Deaf children with hearing aids and cochlear implants should attend deaf schools early for specialized education, including auditory language training.