1.What is scoliosis? A section of the spine that deviates from the midline and forms a curve is called scoliosis. Scoliosis can coexist with more than physiological pre or posterior convexity deformity. The greater the degree of scoliosis, the more severe the rotation. The greater the degree of scoliosis, the more severe the rotation. It deforms the ribs and the thorax, with asymmetry on both sides, and seriously affects cardiopulmonary function. There are many causes of scoliosis, but more than 80% are idiopathic scoliosis of unknown origin. It is more prevalent in young children and adolescents. The cause of scoliosis is not clear, and the incidence of scoliosis in China is 0.61%, with more females than males. It is common in adolescents between the ages of 10 and 14. Because this period is the second peak of skeletal growth in a person’s life, the spinal bone growth is faster, the original mild scoliosis is also faster in this period of aggravation, so parents should pay special attention to this age group of adolescents. 2, what are the clinical manifestations of scoliosis? (1), razorback deformity. (2), two shoulders and both sides of the anterior superior iliac spine is not equal, the thorax is not symmetrical. (3), visceral compression symptoms: the most important is the compression of the circulatory system, heart displacement, restricted cardiac function, and accelerated heartbeat. This is followed by reduced lung capacity and accelerated breathing. Again, the digestive system is compressed and causes indigestion and loss of appetite. Neurological aspects can produce nerve root pain and spinal cord paralysis. In mild scoliosis, the early deformities in appearance are not obvious and are often detected during swimming, bathing or physical examination. As the disease progresses, patients may exhibit asymmetrical posture when standing, such as unequal shoulders, forming a “Liu Luo Pan”, commonly known as a “razor back”. If the condition continues to develop, patients may have difficulty breathing, difficulty eating, and some patients may also develop lower limb numbness, muscle atrophy, and in severe cases, paraplegia. This shows that scoliosis brings great harm to the physical and mental health of humans. 3, scoliosis how to treat? There are two main methods of treatment for scoliosis: (1) non-surgical treatment Observation: by taking full-length X-ray of the spine in a standing position, if the patient’s condition is mild, for example, the angle of scoliosis is below 20 degrees, then the patient only needs regular review and X-ray examination every 3 to 6 months, such as obvious aggravation, you need to consider brace or surgical treatment, otherwise functional exercise is feasible, and observe the changes in the condition. Wearing orthopedic brace treatment: It is mainly effective for children and adolescents with less severe scoliosis but with continuing developmental trends, with scoliosis angle between 20 degrees and 40 degrees. Patients need to wear the brace for 23 hours a day, and the duration of treatment varies from person to person, usually until the patient’s skeletal development is complete. 2) Surgery Indications for surgery: Scoliosis > 40 degrees, rate of progression > 5 degrees/year, and significant cosmetic deformity. Surgical treatment is performed by titanium nail and titanium rod internal fixation techniques to slowly straighten and fix the curved cone bone and fuse the joint. The aim is to prevent further development of scoliosis and to improve pulmonary function and correct the appearance. A protective brace is required for 3 to 6 months after surgery until the implant fuses.