Lung cancer is the most dangerous malignant tumor to human health and life in the world today. In 1985, the number of lung cancer cases worldwide was estimated to be 896,000, accounting for the first place of all malignant tumors.
The rule of incidence is: industrial cities > commercial cities > rural areas.
The main factors related to the incidence of lung cancer are
Smoking: According to the United States, it is estimated that 80% of lung cancers in men and 70% of lung cancers in women are attributed to smoking and passive smoking.
Smoking index = number of cigarettes smoked per day × number of years of smoking.
If the smoking index is > 400, the population with high incidence of lung cancer.
2.Atmospheric pollution: factory exhaust and automobile exhaust are the main causes of air pollution.
3.Living environment: female lung cancer is related to small kitchen environment pollution, such as incomplete burning coal and cooking fumes pollution; in addition, home decoration using granite or radioactive materials, such as radon gas, evaporation of benzene from paints and factories with serious exhaust emissions nearby are all cancer-causing factors. Meanwhile, the incidence of lung cancer is related to occupation, heavy metal and radioactive pollution.
High-risk groups of lung cancer
1.Age 45 or above.
2.Smoking index > 400.
3.Workers in asbestos industry, uranium mine workers, coking workers, chemical plant workers, workers producing chromium salt, arsenic-containing chemicals and copper smelting workers.
4.Originally suffered from tuberculosis.
Prevention of lung cancer
1. Quit smoking.
2. It is better to live far away from factories with large amount of exhaust gas emission.
3. Plant trees to purify the air.
4. Pay attention to the circulation of air in the living room, and it is essential to install exhaust fans in the kitchen.
5.Smoking should be prohibited in public places.
6.Reform the cars containing lead oil, and exhaust gas exceeding the standard.
7.Relocate or renovate factories that emit large amounts of exhaust gas.
8.Regular X-ray chest examination should be conducted for high-risk people.
4.Diagnosis of lung cancer
1.There are three major symptoms of cough, bloody sputum and chest pain in the high-risk group.
2.Chest lump is seen in X-ray chest film.
3.Cancer cells are found in sputum.
4.Branch fluoroscopy can see the lesion, and biopsy is cancerous or cancer cells can be found in the flushing fluid of the lesion area.
5.Supraclavicular lymph node biopsy or puncture.
6.Puncture of lung mass to find cancer cells.
7.Cancer cells were found in the pleural fluid.
8.Pleural puncture biopsy can find cancer cells.
V. Common symptoms of lung cancer
Irritating dry cough.
Coughing up bloody sputum.
Chest pain or chest tightness.
In middle and late stage lung cancer, there are also fever, malignant fluid, hoarseness, etc.
Treatment of lung cancer
At present, surgery, supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, is a good way to improve the survival of lung cancer.
After lung cancer surgery, regular review should be conducted in hospital to detect problems and make corresponding treatment in time.