Hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and anal fistulas are common and frequent diseases of the perianal area. When conservative treatment does not work, surgery is the most effective treatment. Some perianal diseases are simple and can be performed on an outpatient basis, but after surgery, patients need to recuperate at home and have regular outpatient follow-ups. Therefore, it is extremely beneficial for patients to understand the common symptoms and treatment methods after perianal surgery. First of all, it is important to cleanse and evacuate the bowel before surgery for easy postoperative management. Generally, inpatients will undergo bowel preparation under the guidance of a professional doctor to ensure a smooth operation. For outpatients, fasting is recommended on the day of surgery to prevent nausea and aspiration after anesthesia during surgery. Preoperative evacuation of the rectum and bladder. For patients who cannot defecate regularly, preoperative corkage can be used to assist defecation. Cooperate closely with the surgeon during surgery and report any physical discomfort to the surgeon in a timely manner. Do not be overly nervous and anxious. Secondly, to deal with various discomforts after surgery: 1. Postoperative deficiency: due to excessive tension, surgical stimulation, anesthesia drug allergy and other factors, patients will experience palpitations, profuse sweating, nausea, dizziness and other phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary to stay in the hospital for observation one hour after surgery to prevent accidents. If the above discomfort occurs, lie down immediately and contact the surgeon immediately. 2. Urinary retention: After surgery, as time lengthens and anesthesia disappears, patients will feel wound pain. Some patients are extremely afraid of wound pain, which leads to urinary dysfunction and urinary retention. Therefore, in the early postoperative period, try to encourage patients to urinate on their own and not to inhibit the urge to urinate. If there is difficulty in urination, you can first apply hot compresses to the abdomen, fumigate the perineum with warm water and induce urination by listening to the “sound of running water”. If it is still ineffective and the bladder area is obviously swollen, it is necessary to consult a doctor and catheterize. 3.Pain: The postoperative anal canal is filled with hemostatic material or gauze to stop bleeding, which may lead to anal swelling and discomfort, obvious bowel movement and wound pain. Please relax, breathe calmly and avoid holding your breath and exerting yourself. If you still cannot get relief, you may take pain medication. Such as pain relief tablets, tramadol tablets, etc. 4, bleeding: postoperative bed rest should be taken, avoid prolonged sitting, standing and long distance walking. After the operation, the anal area is routinely wrapped with pressure in tartan gauze, and if blood leakage from the dressing is found to be obvious, immediate contact with the doctor is required. In conclusion, post-anal surgery patients at home should carefully follow medical advice to care for their wounds and have regular follow-up examinations. In addition, attention should be paid to dietary regimen. Develop good bowel habits and easy light diet. Eat more vegetables and fruits to keep the bowels open. Avoid drinking alcohol and stimulating foods such as chili, hot sauce, ginger, onion, garlic, fennel, etc. Exercise appropriately to enhance physical fitness. Strengthen the local functional exercise of the anus. Train the function of the sphincter by “lifting the anus”. The method is as follows: contract the anus and lift it up for a few seconds, then slowly relax it. You can do this every day when you have time. Long-term exercise is good for preventing recurrence.