Patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia have a low 30-year survival rate, generally not exceeding 10%, because chronic granulocytic leukemia is a type of chronic leukemia in which the patient’s prominent symptom is an abnormally high number of white blood cells in the peripheral blood, accompanied by a huge spleen. For chronic granulocytic leukemia, the most effective radical cure is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, some patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia are able to achieve a cure and may have a survival period of more than 30 years. However, for various reasons, some patients experience significant rejection during transplantation, and some patients relapse after successful transplantation. Even after bone marrow transplantation, some patients often do not survive for 30 years. Although patients’ survival has been significantly prolonged by taking imatinib, there is no clinical data to show that patients can survive for more than 30 years by taking imatinib mesylate alone.