Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease in elderly men, and as our country enters an aging society, the incidence of the disease has increased significantly. Patients experience symptoms such as frequent nighttime urination and poor urination, which not only causes psychological irritation and fear in the elderly, but also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, prostatic hyperplasia has seriously affected the quality of life of elderly men. At present, the treatment of prostate enlargement is mainly through two methods: medication and surgery. Among them, drug treatment is one of the main means. There are many medications available for the treatment of prostate hyperplasia, including two main categories of 5-a reductase inhibitors and a-adrenergic receptor blockers. Today, the main focus is on how to properly select and use a-adrenergic receptor blockers based on the patient’s age, medical history, symptoms, and other co-morbidities. The human prostate is more sensitive to a-adrenergic agonists than the bladder, causing sympathetic excitation stimulation can lead to acute urinary retention in patients with prostate enlargement, while a-adrenergic receptor blockers can selectively relax the prostate tissue and bladder smooth muscle without affecting the contraction of the bladder’s forced urinary muscle, thus relieving the obstruction and allowing urination to flow freely. It is indicated for those patients who have prominent symptoms of dyspareunia due to prostate enlargement and can significantly reduce the amount of residual urine in the bladder. Patients who take the drug for the first time will usually experience significant relief from the symptoms of dyspareunia within a week. Currently, there are two types of a-adrenergic receptor blockers used in the clinic, non-selective and selective. The earlier marketed non-selective a-receptor blockers, such as phentolamine and phentolamine, are drugs with rapid onset of action but short duration of action. The drugs block the a1 receptors and also block the a2 receptors, so the feedback causes the release of norepinephrine from the nerve endings, and patients often experience an accelerated heart rate, some of which are also accompanied by fatigue, weakness, nasal congestion and other symptoms. Therefore, although non-selective a adrenergic receptor blockers can achieve the purpose of relieving dyspareunia, the promotion of these drugs is limited by the high number of adverse effects and poor patient tolerability. The main selective a1-adrenergic receptor blockers are doxazosin, terazosin (trade name: Gottlieb), and tamsulosin (trade name: Harle). Basic research has found that 98% of the a-adrenergic receptors in the human prostate are a1 receptors and are present within the prostate stroma. The actual a adrenergic receptor blocker is the main a adrenergic receptor blocker used in the clinic at present. In the process of taking the medication, it is especially important to pay attention to the following points: Medication precautions: 1. Overdose of this type of drug may cause a drop in blood pressure, so pay attention to the dosage. Do not blindly increase the dose of the drug because of its lack of effect. 2. Some patients may develop postural hypotension, usually starting with a small dose for the first time. Also, avoid sitting up or standing up suddenly while taking the medication. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a lot of money from the internet. The dose and type of antihypertensive drugs can be reduced appropriately to avoid hypotension caused by improper drug use. 4, senior patients often have low renal function, combined with severe renal insufficiency patients should be cautious with this type of drugs. 5. To avoid gastrointestinal discomfort, it is recommended to take the drug after meals. Pay attention to the dosage form of the drug and do not chew spit capsules. If a skin rash appears, the drug needs to be discontinued. Some patients may occasionally experience dizziness and hobbling sensation, which is mostly self-resolving. It is important to emphasize that a-adrenergic receptor blockers mainly target the urethra, bladder neck and smooth muscle of the prostate and do not reduce the size of the prostate. If the prostate is large and obstructive symptoms are evident, it should also be taken at the same time as a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. A large number of clinical trials have confirmed that a-adrenergic receptor blockers combined with 5-a reductase inhibitors are the gold standard for the pharmacological treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. When drug therapy is not effective, patients should also seek prompt medical attention to evaluate prostate volume, residual urine volume, renal function, and perform urodynamic testing, and change treatment if necessary.