1.What is scoliosis?
The human spine is composed of 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 1 sacral vertebrae and 1 caudal vertebrae, which are connected by ligaments and intervertebral discs between the vertebrae. Scoliosis (commonly known as hunchback) is a spinal deformity in which one or several vertebrae of the spine deviate from the midline in the coronal plane and bend laterally to form a spinal deformity with curvature, usually accompanied by rotation of the spine and an increase or decrease in physiological anterior and posterior convexity in the sagittal plane.
2, what are the types of scoliosis?
Scoliosis is often divided into three types.
(1) Idiopathic scoliosis;
(2) congenital scoliosis;
(3) degenerative scoliosis. Idiopathic scoliosis is more common, accounting for about 80% of scoliosis, often occurs in adolescents, and its etiology is unknown. Congenital scoliosis, an abnormality in the development of the spine, consisting of one or more hemivertebrae, gradually appears as growth and development of the curve. Degenerative scoliosis is due to degenerative atrophy of the intervertebral discs, ligamentous laxity around the vertebrae plus uneven spinal forces and scoliosis of the spine, which is common in the elderly.
3.What are the clinical manifestations of scoliosis?
Hunchback, convex side of the scapula is obviously elevated, both shoulders are not equal, pelvic tilt, thoracic rotation. In severe cases, razorback deformity, short stature, breathing difficulties during activities and other manifestations.
4, what is the effect of severe scoliosis on the body?
(1) the impact of scoliosis on the locomotor system; due to the curvature of the spine, muscle tissue fibrosis on the concave side of the scoliosis, thoracic rotation bilateral shoulder inequality, asymmetry of the thorax on both sides, pelvic tilt. Long-term pelvic tilt is not corrected, it is easy to develop lumbar scoliosis to produce back pain.
(2) the impact of scoliosis on the respiratory system; due to the occurrence of scoliosis, thoracic rotation deformity, thoracic shortening, limiting the development of the lungs, because the lungs are important places for gas exchange, which produces a state of hypoxia, especially when the human body for strenuous exercise, such as running, labor, etc. will appear shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness and panic, nausea and vomiting, serious fainting, sudden death and other risks. Sudden death and other dangers.
(3) scoliosis on the nervous system; because the body is in a long-term state of semi-hypoxia, it will affect brain cell development and metabolism, the human body will appear poor memory, mental retardation, poor academic performance and other phenomena. Severe scoliosis may also cause nerve compression, limb sensory, motor dysfunction and urinary and fecal disorders.
(4) The impact of scoliosis on other organs; because the body is in a long-term hypoxic state, the heart, liver and kidney function will cause varying degrees of impact, resulting in its low function.
5, scoliosis treatment methods?
(1) Congenital scoliosis is mainly caused by congenital abnormalities in the development of the spine. Age within 7 years, the scoliosis angle within 40 degrees first with brace treatment, every six months to x-ray review, such as progressive scoliosis aggravation, within a year the scoliosis angle greater than 5 degrees advocate surgery orthopedic treatment.
(2) idiopathic scoliosis surgery indications: A. brace treatment can not control the progress of scoliosis, although the child is very young, immature skeletal development, but also need surgery. b. brace treatment is ineffective, scoliosis angle greater than 40 degrees. c. adult scoliosis, early onset of low back pain, vertebral rotation subluxation. Other than these can be given conservative treatment first.
(3) degenerative lumbar scoliosis; patients with obvious symptoms of back and leg pain, conservative treatment is ineffective, affecting their labor and life, early surgery.
6, what are the precautions after scoliosis surgery?
The spine is the main beam of the human body, three weeks after surgery should be bed rest, conducive to soft tissue repair, during this period more activities of the upper limbs and lower limbs of the straight leg elevation movement, independent turning in bed, chest expansion and other movements. In terms of diet; eat more high-energy, high-fiber, easily digestible food, mostly in fluid juice. Three weeks after surgery, under the protection of the brace, train to sit and stand, and gradually support to move down to the ground. Try to do less bending movements.