Laparoscopy in Urology

   In the late 20th century, due to the emergence of laparoscopy, urological surgery has undergone a revolution, and traditional open surgery has gradually been replaced by laparoscopic surgery. The advanced technology of laparoscopy in our urology department is introduced as follows: 1. Laparoscopic adrenal surgery: it is suitable for benign functional or non-functional adrenal occupations, with the advantages of less bleeding, less tissue damage, light postoperative pain, short hospitalization time for patients, and It has the advantages of less bleeding, less tissue damage, less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay and fewer complications.       2.Laparoscopic simple nephrectomy: laparoscopic nephrectomy is feasible for almost all benign renal lesions, such as renal atrophy due to various reasons, hydronephrosis, tuberculous kidney, polycystic kidney, renal dysplasia, etc. This technique has the advantages of less tissue damage, less bleeding and shorter hospitalization time.  3.Laparoscopic radical kidney cancer surgery: laparoscopic surgery has less bleeding, shorter hospitalization time and faster postoperative recovery, while postoperative complications and patient survival rate are similar to those of open surgery.  4.Laparoscopic renal cyst decompression: Laparoscopic renal cyst decompression is relatively simple, and it is one of the earliest operations carried out in the field of urology. Compared with open surgery, this operation has less damage and faster recovery.  5.Laparoscopic pyeloplasty: open disconnected pyeloplasty is the standard procedure for the treatment of pelvic ureteral junction stenosis, which is characterized by less blood loss, less tissue damage, less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay and similar efficacy compared with open surgery.  6.Laparoscopic total ureterotomy: for renal pelvic ureteral metastatic cell carcinoma, total ureterotomy should be performed. The laparoscopic surgery method has the advantages of less bleeding, less patient pain and faster postoperative recovery.  7.Laparoscopic bladder surgery: laparoscopic technology is not only applicable to radical total cystectomy + urinary diversion, but also applicable to radical total cystectomy + controlled urinary diversion.  8.Laparoscopic prostate surgery: laparoscopic radical prostate cancer surgery has superiority over the traditional retropubic surgery.  9.Laparoscopic cryptorchidism surgery: For intra-abdominal type of cryptorchidism, laparoscopic technique can easily find the intra-abdominal testis and perform surgical treatment (resection or descending fixation). It is generally believed that the efficacy of laparoscopic testicular descending fixation is similar to that of open surgery, but the former is less traumatic and the patient recovers faster after surgery.  10, laparoscopic spermatic vein ligation: this is one of the early laparoscopic techniques in urology, especially for patients with severe bilateral or postoperative recurrent varicocele.  The treatment of urological diseases has entered a new era, and it is believed that laparoscopic technology will play a greater and greater role in relieving human pain in the future.