Calcification of small pulmonary nodules suggests chronic infectious disease of the lung, especially infectious lesions of tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is treated with exudation, proliferation, nodules, calcification, and fibrosis, cavity formation with pleural thickening, pleural effusion, and other polymorphic changes, especially calcification as the main manifestation. Calcification of small pulmonary nodules suggests chronic infectious lesions, which are mostly benign, without clinical manifestations, and do not require special treatment. If the small nodules are below 5 mm, they are mostly suggestive of inflammatory nodules. If the nodules are larger than 6-8 mm or even more than 8 mm with calcification, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of early lung cancer. Further chest enhancement CT examination and, if necessary, percutaneous lung puncture lung tissue biopsy are needed to clarify the possibility of early stage cancer. For calcification of small pulmonary nodules, patients need to be further asked whether they have a history of long-term smoking and dust work, including masons and coal miners, etc. Long-term inhalation of silica dust is also likely to form calcification of small pulmonary nodules. Therefore, calcification of small pulmonary nodules is mostly benign lesions, closely related to dust and tuberculosis infection. If there is a growth change in nodular calcification, it is also necessary to give enhanced CT examination of the chest to clarify the possibility of early lung cancer as early as possible.