Urine tests are routinely performed in the clinic and have the advantages of ease of examination, operability, rapid detection, and the ability to print results quickly. At present, the main methods used are urine sedimentation and urine dry chemistry. 1, the urine specimen collection methods: (1) morning urine, usually the first urination in the morning is selected, need to be carried out under fasting, quiet state. (2) 24-hour urine, all the urine volume of the examinee within 24 hours is collected and the volume of urine is recorded. (3) Postprandial urine, the urine collected 2 hours after lunch, can be instructive for diabetes. (2) Preservation of urine specimens: Generally, the test is completed within 2 hours after the collection of urine. Specimens that cannot be tested immediately can be stored in a refrigerator at 2-8°C for 8 hours. The addition of toluene and formaldehyde to urine can play an antiseptic role. 3, the role of urinalysis: urinary tract inflammation, stones, tuberculosis, tumor urine test results for the prognosis of the observation has a very good role. The urine test can assist in the diagnosis of other diseases, such as the detection of urine sugar in the case of diabetes and urinary bile origin in the case of jaundice. Urinalysis not only has diagnostic and therapeutic guidance for diseases of the urinary system, but also has a reference value for the prognosis of certain diseases.