Hernia is one of the most common surgical diseases in children, commonly known as “small hernia”, “small intestine gas”, “gas egg”, “big egg “etc. Many parents think that hernia is a trivial matter and always want to wait until their children are older, and some parents think that surgery with general anesthesia will make their children stupid, so they do not want to let their children have surgery. Some advertisements cater to this psychology of parents, saying that wearing hernia belt and injection therapy can save the pain of surgery, but none of these methods can cure hernia at the root. Wearing hernia belt, too loose to work, too tight will compress the vas deferens and affect testicular development; while injection therapy, injected mostly with sclerosing agent, will promote local inflammation, and once the injection flows into the intestine, not only will it not work as a treatment, but it may also make the intestine adhere. Most children with pediatric hernia can heal themselves within 6 months of birth, and only 2-4% cannot heal themselves. After 6 months to 1 year of age, only 0.1% can be cured without treatment, so early surgery is currently the best treatment for pediatric hernia. So, when is the best time to operate for pediatric hernia? (1) Elective surgery: According to the anatomical characteristics of the inguinal region of children, it is appropriate to operate on a hernia in children around the age of 1 year because the inguinal region of the newborn is very short (about 1 cm), the muscles are thin and most of the muscles there are not well developed, therefore, if the surgery is performed too early, the hernia will easily recur; as the child grows older, after the eighth month of age, the muscles in the inguinal region and lower abdomen have thickened and the inguinal canal has become longer. Therefore, after the eighth month, pediatric hernia can be the starting point for elective surgery, which is the reason why doctors often choose to perform surgery around the age of one year. Moreover, surgery at this age results in faster wound healing and smaller scars after surgery, and it is easy to care for children around 1 year of age after surgery, so some people call around 1 year of age the “golden age” for this surgery. (2) Emergency surgery: When a pediatric hernia becomes incarcerated and fails to be returned by extrusion, emergency surgery should be considered as the correct indication. However, many recent pediatric surgeons do not advocate emergency surgery for pediatric ingrown hernia. Therefore, surgery is appropriate only when repeatedly failed to restore the hernia, or when the hernia has been embedded for too long. (3) There should be no complications of other infectious diseases before surgery, and diseases such as cold, bronchitis and pneumonia should not occur before receiving surgery. If the child is found to be crying, the child’s pants should be peeled open and a bulge should be found, and the child should be promptly examined at a regular hospital. To avoid complications of hernia, early surgery should be performed once the diagnosis is confirmed.