The pathogenesis of inguinal hernia in children is different from that of adults, and is mostly caused by congenital failure of the sphincter to close. For this pathological mechanism, children within 1 year of age are prevented from entering the scrotum by conservative treatment methods, such as hernia straps and hernia braces, while reducing crying, coughing and constipation as much as possible. There is a possibility of self-healing of the hernia. However, the possibility of self-healing in children over the age of 1 year is extremely low. At present, it is advocated that children with inguinal hernia above the age of 1 year should be treated surgically before the age of 6 years, otherwise they may find themselves different from other children after going to school and easily develop low self-esteem, or the intestinal canal entering the scrotum may squeeze the spermatic cord and affect the child’s physical development. According to the pathogenesis of pediatric hernia and the anatomical characteristics of pediatric patients, surgery can be performed by simply ligating the neck of the hernia sac at a high level without placing an artificial patch. This is because the artificial patch cannot increase in size as the child grows taller and can produce a degree of contracture, which can cause compression of the pediatric spermatic cord and affect the blood flow to the spermatic cord and the possibility of fertility. If the hernia in children over 6 years of age (including unmarried and infertile young men) is relatively large and the transversal fascial defect is severe, a bio-patch can be considered, which is a special type of patch that is biodegradable and absorbable and does not affect the growth and development of the child.