Acute epididymitis has an acute onset and is characterized by discomfort and swelling of the affected scrotum, severe local pain, even affecting movement, and pain radiating to the ipsilateral groin area and lower abdomen, accompanied by general discomfort and high fever. Generally, the affected side of the epididymis is swollen and painful to touch is obvious. When the inflammation is severe, it can spread to the testicles and the skin of the scrotum can become red and swollen. Chronic epididymitis is more common than acute epididymitis, and some patients are not cured in the acute stage and become chronic. Most patients do not have a history of acute attacks but often have chronic prostatitis. Clinical treatment is based on anti-inflammatory and local treatment. Acute epididymitis advocates patients to rest in bed and hold up the scrotum to reduce pain. In the early stage, an ice pack can be placed at the epididymis to prevent swelling. In the late stage, hot compresses can be used to promote local blood flow and accelerate inflammation subsidence. Because it is an infection, anti-infection treatment should be carried out. Clinically, broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics with better effect on gram-negative bacteria are mostly used. For pain, fever and other systemic symptoms, symptomatic treatment with antipyretic and analgesic drugs should be applied. Acute symptoms gradually disappear in about 1-2 weeks, but it takes 4 weeks or more for the epididymis to return to normal size and texture, and complications are not uncommon.