There are many reasons why a hard lump grows next to a male testicle, such as epididymal cyst, epididymal orchitis, epididymal tuberculosis, testicular nodules, etc. It is necessary to go to the hospital for relevant examination to clarify the cause and then carry out targeted treatment. 1. Usually, small cysts in the epididymis have no specific symptoms and are not easily detected. Large epididymal cysts are easily palpable, with smooth surface, soft texture, cystic sensation, no tenderness and a feeling of swelling. Asymptomatic people do not need treatment, and those with severe pain can take drugs such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen; surgical removal is feasible for larger cysts; patients should also do appropriate amount of anal lifting exercises daily to increase blood circulation and help their body recover; 2. Epididymitis: due to pathogen infection, inflammatory masses appear in the epididymis testes, which can be manifested as hard lumps next to the testes at this time, often under the guidance of a professional doctor. According to the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test, appropriate antibiotics should be taken for anti-inflammatory treatment, such as ceftazidime and erythromycin, etc. If the patient has serious symptoms, surgical treatment can be considered to drain and decompress the local incision to relieve the symptoms; 3. Epididymal tuberculosis: due to the invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into the epididymis, the testicle swells, hardens and forms nodules, mostly unilateral. Systemic supportive therapy can be given, paying attention to nutritional supplementation, rich vitamin intake, and rest, etc. At the same time, anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as isoniazid and rifampin, are jointly applied to promote inflammation subsidence, but if the symptoms are serious, local lesions need to be surgically removed if necessary; 4. Generally, no special treatment is needed, but if it gradually increases, ultrasound examination is needed to clarify the nature of the nodule; 5. Other: if the patient has a tumor in the testicular area, a hard lump next to the testicle may also appear, such as adenoma-like tumor of the testicle, which is common in adults and usually occurs in the epididymis, with a hard texture and elasticity, protruding from the testicular surface. Radiation therapy is necessary. In addition, epididymitis and epididymal nodules can also cause such symptoms, which require prompt medical attention and treatment under the guidance of a professional doctor after the cause is clarified.