Herpes zoster (HZ) can cause severe neuropathic pain, such as pain in the chest and back, the vast majority of which is caused by its neuropathic pain. The preferred site of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the area of skin innervated by the intercostal and trigeminal nerves. The acute phase of HZ pain is the pain within the first 30 days of the rash; the chronic phase of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the pain that persists for more than 3 months after the acute phase; and the in-between is called subacute.PHN is a classic example of neuropathic pain that not only afflicts the patient, but the burning pain is lifelong. PHN is one of the common challenges for clinicians, and thankfully, its treatment has been developed relatively effectively through continuous exploration by clinicians. Currently, the main treatment principles for herpes zoster are: antiviral therapy; neurological function modulation therapy; relief or elimination of neurogenic pain; nerve damage repair therapy; and consolidation therapy to reduce the recurrence rate. It is to use scientific methods to improve the quality of life of patients and minimize a series of hazards caused by pain. Its main treatment methods include: Chinese and Western medicine medication, neurointerventional techniques, electrophysiological treatment, sympathetic nerve treatment, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) for nerves, nerve root or nerve trunk block treatment and many other methods. Pharmacological treatment of PHN is the most basic and commonly used treatment. In addition to antiviral drugs, it is also important to reduce pain with drugs. Among the many drugs used to treat PHN, the effectiveness of Western medicine is obvious to all of us, but there are also many essentials of traditional medicine in China, so if Chinese and Western medicine are integrated, there will be more significant efficacy. Western medicine, commonly used drugs are opioid analgesics, anti-inflammatory analgesics NSAID class, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, etc. The oral medication method is three-step analgesic therapy, according to the patient’s pain of different degrees of light, medium and heavy selection of drugs, and for the nature of pain and different stages of auxiliary drugs. Through years of exploration by clinicians, a fixed pattern has been basically formed, in which the first-line treatment drugs are antidepressants + NSAIDs + antiepileptics, nerve repair drugs, and topical drugs; the second-line treatment drugs are weak opioid analgesics + antidepressants + antiepileptics; the third-line treatment drugs are strong opioid analgesics + antidepressants + antiepileptics. NSAID drugs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which we know well as aspirin, amitriptyline, etc., with antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Also analgesics are weak opioids, represented by tramadol, and strong opioids, represented by morphine. Basically all patients with PHN have varying degrees of depression, and in addition to being treated psychologically, antidepressant medication is also important to inhibit the reuptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine or norepinephrine at the synapses and raise the pain threshold, and is most effective for burning neuralgia. Antidepressants in this category include promethazine, amitriptyline, fluphenazine, etc. Antiepileptic drugs, i.e. anticonvulsants, can stabilize cell membrane excitability, and the combination of antidepressants can improve the efficacy, commonly used drugs are carbamazepine, phenytoin sodium, etc. Capsaicin can be used for superficial pain caused by skin and subcutaneous tissue injury, and neurotrophic drugs such as vitamin B1, B6, and B12 can improve the effect of treating PHN. Although the above drugs are effective, they also have certain side effects and must be used under the guidance of a clinician. In addition to oral medication and topical medication, intrathecal administration and intravenous administration can also be performed. Intraspinal drug injection is one of the effective treatment methods in China, including epidural cavity injection (PCEA), buried pump and subarachnoid injection. In addition, intravenous lidocaine and/or ketamine can be used. In Chinese medicine, herpes zoster is a manifestation of cold and dampness being driven away by the true yang in the skin. For the evidence of dampness, use 6 grams of Atractylodes Macrocephala, 6 grams of Houpu, 9 grams of Chen Pi, 12 grams of Fried Atractylodes Macrocephala, 12 grams of Poria, 12 grams of Huangbai, 9 grams of Citrus Aurantium, 9 grams of Zeligia, 12 grams of Radix Rehmanniae, 12 grams of Slippery Rock, 9 grams of Roasted Licorice, one dose a day, decoction in water, divided into two doses, avoid nourishing and greasy products. In addition, topical Chinese herbal medicine can be herpes cream, Xionghuanghuang lotion, rhubarb thujiao bingqi tincture, etc. In conclusion, drug treatment is the basis, because according to the patient’s condition, individualized program should be taken, reasonable matching, combined medication, timely adjustment, in order to reduce adverse reactions.