Craniosynostosis accounts for approximately 38% of cranial anomalies, and its clinical manifestations are mainly manifested by various different shapes of cranial deformities. The premature closure of the cranial suture restricts the growth of the skull and hinders the development of the brain, thus producing increased intracranial pressure. Patients may have protrusion of both eyes, downgaze, eye movement disorders, optic disc edema or secondary atrophy, visual impairment or blindness. Some patients may have mental retardation, and headache, nausea and vomiting may occur in the late stage. Some patients may develop seizures due to cortical atrophy. The clinical manifestations of sialocephaly can be divided into two categories: cranial deformities and secondary symptoms. Diagnosis can be made based on specific head deformities, and attention needs to be paid to developmental malformations in other parts of the body. What are the preventive methods for premature closure of cranial sutures? How should premature closure of cranial suture be prevented ‘microcephaly is a small head deformity caused by primary brain developmental disorders, the head is not enlarged with it, not premature closure of cranial suture restricts the development of brain tissue, its cranial suture is also closed for secondary cranial closure. Patients often do not show increased intracranial pressure, but have significant mental retardation. x-ray examination may show normal suture density or no signs of intracranial hypertension such as increased cerebral gyrus pressure. The cranial suture splitting is due to the fibrous healing of the child’s skull, but the brain tumor causes the increase of intracranial pressure and the cranial suture may split and increase the head circumference. Therefore, parents should pay attention when they find that the child’s head circumference is significantly larger than the surrounding children of the same age. Surgical treatment is the only effective method. The main purpose of surgery is to recreate a new bone sulcus through bone suture reconstruction or craniotomy, so that the cranial cavity can be enlarged to ensure normal brain development. The two basic goals of surgical treatment are to repair the normal anatomy of the skull and to take advantage of the strong impetus of brain development during the first year of infancy. Therefore, the earlier the surgery is performed, the better the results are theoretically. Surgery should be performed within 7 months of birth for a better prognosis. The later the surgery, the worse the outcome. It is generally believed that if the child is physically capable, surgery should be performed as early as possible after birth to release the narrowed cranial cavity as soon as possible to facilitate the development of brain tissue. If only one or two cranial sutures are ossified, surgery can be performed 4-6 weeks after birth; if multiple cranial sutures are ossified and there is an increase in intracranial pressure, surgery should be performed 1 week after birth so that it can be successful. When optic nerve atrophy and mental retardation appear, even if surgery is performed, the neurological recovery is not satisfactory. At present, there is no unified standard for the indication of surgical treatment for narrow craniosynostosis. Because the purpose of surgery is different, the indications are also different. The indications for surgery include orthopedic indications, functional recovery indications, psychological and sociological indications, and so on. Sometimes psychological and sociological factors determine the surgical indications, and full consent of the family is required for surgery.