Scoliosis is a curved spinal deformity in which one or more segments of the spine deviate from their normal position and curve laterally, often with changes in the length of the chest, ribs, pelvis and lower extremities, and in severe cases, affecting respiratory function, heart changes and even paraplegia. The incidence of scoliosis in adolescents is approximately 1 in 1000, and its cause is unknown. Early development and early treatment of scoliosis can: ① reduce complications of heart and lung diseases that lead to death; ② reduce back pain in late stages; ③ improve appearance; ④ reduce the psychological burden of patients; ⑤ solve some social problems such as unemployment and marriage; and ⑥ early treatment is less expensive. How to detect scoliosis early: First, pay attention to whether the child’s back is symmetrical when bathing and whether there is a local bulge; if there is asymmetry, you should go to the hospital to take pictures; second, check whether there is an abnormal hair spot or tumor-like protrusion on the skin; abnormal hair often suggests deformities such as spina bifida; third, check whether the child has abnormal gait, and if so, check whether the pelvis is horizontal. Because the age of onset of scoliosis varies, children should be examined regularly to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment. Most congenital scoliosis requires treatment or it will progress rapidly and worsen. Because most congenital scoliosis develops progressively and is often ineffective with bracing, surgery is often used to control the development of the deformity, with the goal of correcting the deformity, controlling the development, and stabilizing the scoliosis. Early detection of congenital scoliosis at an early age and consultation with a specialist is important so that appropriate measures can be taken to treat the deformity before it occurs.