As you know, there are two major classes of drugs used in clinical practice for the antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B: alpha interferon and nucleoside analogues. Nucleoside analogs have no definite duration of treatment and no recognized criteria for discontinuation, long maintenance time, and most of them will relapse sooner or later after discontinuation, which may lead to liver failure in severe cases. Alpha interferon, on the other hand, is considered the most effective antiviral drug because of its antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, it has been highly recommended by hepatologists in recent years. But which patients with hepatitis B are suitable for antiviral treatment with alpha interferon? For those who are younger and do not want to take medication for a long period of time, especially in the reproductive age, alpha interferon can be considered if there are no contraindications to interferon. A large number of clinical studies have proved that the following categories of patients have better efficacy, that is, the following factors are positively correlated with the response to interferon, that is, those with the following factors can often achieve better efficacy: (1) high ALT levels before treatment, those with repeated fluctuations in serum ALT or AST or persistent elevation in enzyme activity before treatment, and those with ALT elevation exceeding 3-5 times the upper limit of normal value. (2) HBV DNA < 2×108 copies/ml; (3) female; (4) short duration of disease; (5) non-maternal-to-child transmission; (6) liver fibrosis (7) good compliance with treatment; (8) no co-infection with HCV, HDV or HIV. For those with normal liver function, but with chronic hepatitis confirmed by analysis of various clinical manifestations or liver biopsy, the compensated stage of post-hepatitis cirrhosis is also a relative indication, and the decision to use interferon therapy can be based on various factors and should be guided by an experienced specialist. Interferon is considered contraindicated in cases of severe psychotic depression, psychosis, uncontrolled epilepsy, autoimmune disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled moderate to severe hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, alcoholism, drug abuse, decompensated liver disease, elevated Dbil. Contraindicated during pregnancy, Pregnancy is contraindicated during drug administration.