Hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by elevated arterial pressure in the circulation, which can lead to damage to target organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and blood vessels, as well as abnormal metabolic changes throughout the body. A recent large-scale multicenter double-blind randomized clinical trial demonstrated that a reduction in blood pressure by 14/ 16 mmHg in the treatment group was associated with a 55% reduction in the relative risk of stroke, a 48% reduction in the risk of myocardial infarction, a 45% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death, and a 36% reduction in the overall risk of death, so that antihypertensive therapy is beneficial for middle-aged and elderly people of both sexes with and without a family history of hypertension, cerebral infarction, or cerebral hemorrhage. However, the level of awareness of hypertension in China is worrying. In 1991, a national sample survey of hypertension in China showed that the prevalence of hypertension in the population aged 15 years or older was 11.26%, an increase of nearly 50% over the prevalence 12 years earlier, but the national awareness rate of hypertension was 26.6%, even lower in rural areas; the medication rate was 21.1%, and the control rate was only 2.9%. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of hypertension is a long-term and arduous task. What are the difficulties in preventing and treating hypertension? First, the insidious nature of hypertension, people do not know enough although the blood pressure has been high, but the patient does not have any symptoms, does not affect life activities and work, and its harm is a gradual chronic process, so that people are not enough to pay attention to; and some people do not even know they have hypertension, until the whole body important organ damage (such as swelling, bleeding under the eyes or hemiplegia, etc.) only when found, then the treatment effect is very poor The damage to some organs is irreversible. Second, the difficulty of adhering to drug therapy is mainly due to the lack of awareness of the dangers of hypertension, and sometimes even think that the words of the doctor are alarmist, thinking that there is no difference between taking medication and not taking medication, they are often busy with work as an excuse, the trouble of taking medication and other reasons and do not take medication regularly or simply give up taking medication. Third, the fear of drug side effects due to the lack of medical knowledge and lack of awareness of the dangers of hypertension, many patients see anti-hypertensive drug instructions written in many side effects, think that long-term eating will damage the liver, kidneys, and even think that the heart will not beat, so, without weighing the pros and cons, to seek the advice of doctors, they interrupt drug therapy. How to improve the control rate of hypertension? I. Health education to clarify the danger of hypertension. First, through health education, make people fully aware of the danger of long-term hypertension and the insidious nature of its harmful effects; make people realize that not controlling hypertension will affect their quality of life; they may suffer from hemiplegia, myocardial infarction, or even endanger their lives. Secondly, through education, people will realize that with good living habits, such as weight control, exercise, salt restriction and alcohol control, and regular anti-hypertensive drug treatment, hypertension can be prevented and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases can be prevented. Second, long-term medication, eliminate concerns. It is often said that “three drugs are poisonous”, hypertension patients see each drug has so many side effects, and the need for long-term use, so there is always a lot of concern. First of all, I want to explain to you that there are side effects of drugs, but they are rare and safe for the majority of patients, and they are taken under the guidance of a doctor’s advice, so don’t worry. Secondly, you should not only see the side effects of the drug, but also see whether the drug is necessary for you. If it is very necessary, it means that the protection of the drug for your important organ functions is much greater than its side effects, i.e. the side effects are negligible. Therefore, under the guidance of a doctor, adhere to regular medication, is the prevention and treatment of hypertension, prevention of cardiovascular disease. Third, the prevention and treatment of pressure should be standardized. The changes in hypertension have a temporal rhythm. Primary hypertension has an obvious diurnal pattern of change, that is, blood pressure rises rapidly to peak levels in the morning, remains at high levels during the day, falls in the evening, and drops to its lowest level during the sleep period. Secondary hypertension has nocturnal blood pressure changes that are sometimes decreasing and sometimes increasing. Therefore, the choice of drugs and the timing of medication for the prevention and treatment of hypertension should be determined according to the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure clinical measurement results and the characteristics of the circadian rhythm of blood pressure changes, so as to achieve the ideal control of hypertension. Can hypertensive patients take aspirin The International Study of Optimal Treatment of Hypertension (HOT) trial demonstrated that hypertensive patients with adequate blood pressure control, such as combined use of low-dose aspirin (75 mg), had a 15% reduction in major cardiovascular events and a 36% reduction in the occurrence of myocardial infarction compared with hypertension treated with no aspirin alone, and no increase in cerebral hemorrhage was seen, but the occurrence of total bleeding such as gastrointestinal and nosebleeds were 1.8 times more frequent than in patients not taking aspirin. Overall, the benefits of lowering blood pressure while taking low-dose aspirin should be fully recognized.