There are open partial nephrectomy, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy procedures. lPN achieves the same pathological and functional outcomes as OPN and has the advantages of reduced postoperative analgesia, shorter hospital stay, and faster postoperative recovery. LPN has both transabdominal and retroperitoneal routes. Gill performed the first retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in 1994 and Winfield performed the first transabdominal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in 1993. The transabdominal route has the advantages of large operating space and clear anatomical landmarks, but has the disadvantages of visceral interference and possible intestinal complications; the retroperitoneal route has the advantages of easy control of the renal vasculature and less interference with the abdominal organs, but has the disadvantages of small operating space and lack of anatomical landmarks; anatomical, procedural and standardized surgical operations can compensate as much as possible for the relatively small operating space and anatomical landmarks of the retroperitoneal route. The deficiencies of the posterior abdominal route in terms of relatively small operative space and lack of clear anatomical markings.