As people become more health-conscious, more and more people are getting into the habit of annual routine medical checkups. After getting the physical examination report, many people will encounter one or another mild abnormality, such as: internal ultrasound suggests “occupancy”, “stones” and so on, “suggesting to go to the specialist for further treatment”. Next, there will be a considerable number of people who are overly worried, sleep and eat restlessly, search online, and occasionally fall into the misunderstanding of small advertisements. In the clinic, we often encounter some friends who traveled thousands of miles to Beijing and got a specialist’s number from a “scalper”. In the end, the specialist replied in a few words that it was just a minor problem not to worry at all. But they spent a lot of energy and financial resources, which is really unnecessary. This article will briefly popularize the four common benign diseases of the hepatobiliary system, if you encounter it in the future medical examination, please do not worry too much! Fatty liver Many people, including young people around 30 years old, will write “fatty liver” on their ultrasound report. Fatty liver used to be far away from the people of China, but with economic development, this “disease of affluence” has come along with it. In layman’s terms, fatty liver is the deposition of fat in the liver cells, causing the liver to look less rosy and delicate and more oily and tough. Fatty liver is most common in two types: 1, one kind of fat people, because of high blood sugar and lipid fat liver; 2, there is another kind of people are not obese, but a lot of social entertainment, often drink alcohol, alcohol promotes fat in liver cells deposition, the professional term is called “alcoholic fatty liver”. In addition, side effects of drugs, hepatitis or malnutrition can also lead to fatty liver. Due to the increasing popularity of this disease, many unscrupulous drug dealers have taken up the idea of it, selling this tea and that medicine on television and online, claiming to treat fatty liver, patients often spend a lot of money, but not effective. In fact, the best treatment for mild simple fatty liver is to control diet, quit drinking and exercise. Liver cysts Liver cysts, in layman’s terms, are a round-like cavity in the liver that contains fluid. Depending on the number, they can be classified as single or multiple. Liver cysts are a benign liver disease. Usually liver cysts found do not need to be treated, and only if they are particularly large to the point of compressing the adjacent organs (e.g., compressing the stomach and causing discomfort such as significant fullness after meals) do they need to be treated. And even if it is treated, it can usually be done through minimally invasive surgery, so there is nothing to worry too much about. There is only one rare case, polycystic liver, which requires further consultation with a specialist. Hepatic hemangioma A hemangioma is a congenital developmental malformation of blood vessels that can occur in many places throughout the body, and those that occur in the liver are called hepatic hemangiomas. Hemangioma is also a benign disease. The previous medical view was that rupture of a hemangioma would lead to uncontrollable hemorrhage, so once detected, it should be surgically removed. However, in the past decade, a uniform understanding has emerged both domestically and internationally that hepatic hemangioma is a very tough tumor, and spontaneous rupture has not been reported unless directly punctured by trauma. Therefore, the indications for intervention have changed, and asymptomatic hemangiomas can be observed by regular review ultrasound. However, hepatic hemangiomas do grow, and some of them may compress the adjacent organs, so that surgical removal should be considered. And if the hemangioma is very large, it is recommended that surgery must be performed at a large hospital’s hepatobiliary center. Polypoid lesions in the gallbladder Most of the “polypoid lesions” in the ultrasound report are caused by three factors: gallbladder polyps, cholesterol crystals and gallstones attached to the gallbladder wall. Surgery is usually recommended for a single polypoid lesion larger than 1 cm, accompanied by gallstones and cholecystitis, or for those who are burdened by gallbladder polyps, which affect their normal work and life. Other than that, no immediate surgery should be performed, but ultrasound needs to be reviewed every 3 to 6 months. Patients usually have the question: Can the gallbladder be preserved by removing gallbladder polyps? It is up to the gallbladder to decide whether it can be preserved or not. If the gallbladder has shrunken, is functioning poorly or is suspected to be cancerous, then it should not be preserved. In fact, the majority of people who have their gallbladder removed do not have any problems with their normal life. Please trust your physician, who will weigh whether it is appropriate to remove the gallbladder. In conclusion: the above four common abnormalities of the hepatobiliary system can only be scientifically recognized in order to scientifically confront them, reduce unnecessary tension and undeserved waste.