When female patients have frequent and painful urination, the first thing to consider is the infection of the lower urinary tract, such as acute urethritis and cystitis. The main reason is that the urethra of women is short, wide and straight, so if a female patient is sedentary, with vaginitis and after sex, bacteria can easily enter the urethra retrograde through the urethra, thus causing congestion and edema of the mucosa of the urethra and bladder. This can irritate the urethra and cause frequent and painful urination. In this case, a routine urine test is needed to clarify the diagnosis. If the urine routine indicates a significant increase in white blood cells, it can be diagnosed as frequent and painful urination caused by urinary tract infection, which needs to be treated promptly with antibiotics, such as quinolone antibiotics, such as levofloxacin tablets. The symptoms can be controlled after a week or so of medication.