Postpartum depression is recognized as early as possible, treated early and in full dosage and duration. Mild to moderate depression can be treated with psychotherapy, if it lasts for two weeks and the symptoms are getting worse, medication or medication combined with psychotherapy must be used.
1, medication: (1) antidepressants to improve mood, in general new antidepressants, good efficacy, small side effects, good tolerability, safe and convenient to use. 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitors (sertraline, paroxetine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, escitalopram oxalate); 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenal reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine, duloxetine); noradrenal Adrenal and specific 5-hydroxytryptaminergic antidepressants (mirtazapine).
(2) Sedative-hypnotics and anxiolytics, such as benzodiazepines (Valium, etc.), buspirone, etc.
(3) If the mother needs to take medication, the baby can be fed artificially to avoid the influence of drugs on the baby as much as possible; (4) Regular outpatient review, communication with the doctor, monitoring the condition and drug side effects, and maintaining the stability of the condition.
(2) Psychosocial intervention: Negative life events are closely related to postpartum depression. After going through several stages of conception, delivery and baby care, mothers face major changes in lifestyle and psychological patterns, and have to face more psychosocial and marital problems.
(1) Promote knowledge of pregnancy, childbirth, infant care and maternal diseases to patients and family members, reduce maternal tension and fear of pregnancy, childbirth and infant care, and seek support and help from family members; (2) Identify and improve patients’ poor cognitive patterns, emotions and behavioral patterns, such as seeing problems from a negative, pessimistic and negative perspective towards people, things, self and society excessively, having low self-esteem or too much self-esteem, and being unable to take care of themselves and their surroundings in the face of setbacks and (3) Cultivate an optimistic, positive and healthy personality, guide patients to adopt positive cognitive, emotional and behavioral patterns, improve their adaptability to the environment, and avoid undesirable behavioral patterns, such as impulsive blindness, recklessness, isolation, solitude, lack of necessary communication and social interaction, etc.; (4) Adjust the unfavorable (4) Adjustment of unfavorable psychological factors in the marriage and family and provision of crisis intervention; (5) Maternal own good lifestyle adjustment and psychological adjustment, spouses and family members should give more understanding, care and support, and jointly adopt a positive coping pattern to avoid and minimize the impact of adverse stress, so that the maternal maintain a good state of mind (see the following disease prevention content).
3, treatment course: (1) acute treatment period to control anxiety and depression symptoms, the course of treatment is generally 6-8 weeks; (2) consolidation treatment period is to consolidate the effects of acute treatment, to prevent symptom fluctuations, the course of treatment is generally 4-6 months, the drug dose is generally maintained at the same dose; (3) maintenance treatment period to prevent relapse, maintenance treatment should continue for how long there is no definitive, maintenance treatment drug dose and duration of drug use according to The dose and duration of maintenance therapy are patient-specific and individualized. When discontinuing medication, the dose of medication is gradually reduced while observing.
Postpartum depression is a common disease, and as long as it is detected early, actively adjusted and treated, the prognosis is generally good, with remission of symptoms and recovery of social and occupational functions. Patients and family members should not be overly nervous and afraid, treat the disease correctly, build up confidence, insist on treatment in regular medical institutions and receive scientific treatment, which can avoid the occurrence of adverse consequences.