Vocal nodules are a type of chronic laryngitis that manifests as two small symmetrical protrusions in the middle of the anterior vocal folds bilaterally, and are often seen in people who use their voice professionally or who like to shout and vocalize inappropriately. It is also known as singer’s nodule or teacher’s nodule, and its pathological changes are mainly in the epithelial layer of the vocal folds. Vocal polyp is a thickened tissue that occurs at the edge of the vocal folds and can be confined or diffuse, where diffuse is also known as a polyp-like lesion. It may be related to inflammation, allergic reaction, trauma, excessive use of voice and other factors. Vocal fold polyps and nodules can cause incomplete closure of the vocal folds during articulation, resulting in hoarseness and fatigue due to the increased weight of the vocal folds. Vocal fold polyp and nodule both need to pay attention to vocal method (how to vocalize correctly?) Vocal fold polyps and nodules, especially in children, are generally considered to be treated without surgery by paying attention to vocalization. Small polyps and nodules can be treated with medication, while obvious vocal fold polyps or longer vocal fold nodules can be removed surgically. Fibrolaryngoscopic surgery for vocal fold polyps and nodules is a procedure that was performed in China around the 1990s. It can be performed in an outpatient clinic with good results and little patient pain. The electronic laryngoscope in the treatment of vocal fold polyps and vocal fold nodules, due to the clear vision, the effect is more ideal. Larger polyps can be removed with polyp forceps and then operated with fiber or electronic laryngoscope, and complex polyps can be cut under general anesthesia with microscope.